Neuroprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract ofLysimachia christinaeagainst Glutamate Toxicity in HT22 Cell and Its Protective Mechanisms

Abstract

Purpose. Excessive glutamate amount can give oxidative stress to neuronal cells, and the accumulation of cell death can trigger the neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we discovered the neuroprotective effect of Lysimachia christinae Hance in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cell line. Method. Overnight incubated HT22 cells were pretreated with L. christinae extract dose dependently (1, 10, and 100 μg/ml). Followed by then, glutamate was treated. These treated cells were incubated several times again, and cell viability, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and glutathione-related enzyme amount were measured. Results. As a result, L. christinae increases the cell viability by inhibiting the ROS and Ca2+ formation, recovering the level of MMP and enhancing the activity of glutathione production compared with only vehicle-treated groups. Conclusion. These draw that L. christinae may remarkably decelerate the neurodegeneration by minimizing neuronal cell damage via oxidative stress.

Metabolomics study based on GC–MS reveals a protective function of luteolin against glutamate‐induced PC12 cell injury

“…In this study, glycine and cysteine concentration in PC12 cells treated with glutamate decreased drastically (Table 1), indicating that GSH synthesis was disturbed and that there was an imbalance in the redox state. This is consistent with other research descriptions (Ryu & Ma, 2020). This result also suggests that cysteine is a significant differential expressed metabolite of a glutamate‐induced oxidative stress injury in PC12 cells.…”