Neuronal organization of central vasomotor control mechanisms in the brain stem of the cat

Hukuhara, Takehiko; Takeda, Reina

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90438-2

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The medullary vasomotor neurons distributed widely and diffusely in the reticular formation control the central cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms (7), and autonomic nerve nuclei in the medulla such as nucleus dorsalis vagi, nucleus tractus solitarii and nucleus ambiguus control directly or indirectly the vasomotor function. Taking these topographical features and physiological function into consideration the present study concerned the direct effect of AT,, on the electrical activity of the medullary neurons by the method of electrophoretic application.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Angiotensin Ii on the Medullaryneurons and Their Sensitivity to Acetylcholine and Catecholamines

Suga

Suzuki

1979

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Abstract-In order to elucidate the mechanism of the central hypertensive action of angiotensin II (ATzi), the effects of ATII on the medullary neurons of rabbits were studied by the technique of electrophoretic application.ATII gave rise to excitatory effect on some neurons of medulla and this effect was antagonized by a specific AT,, antagonist, 1-sarcosine-8-alanine-ATi1.The ATII sensitive medullary neurons showed no specific response to acetylcholine, norepinephrine or isoproterenol, but there was a significant increase in the excitatory response to norepinephrine in comparison with the ATrr non-sensitive neurons. The excitatory effect of AT,, was not blocked by atropine, phentolamine and propranolol.The ATII sensitive neurons in the medulla apparently do not have a topograhically or functionally characteristic distribution related to the central vasomotor control mechanisms. The neurons in the area postrema did not respond to electrophoretically applied ATII, while microinjection of ATII in this region produced remarkable hypertensive responses. These results suggest that the mechanism of the central hypertensive action of ATI i administered into the vertebral artery is primarily mediated by the chemoreception of the area postrema. The mecha nism of central cardiovascular effect of ATrr and of the effects of acetylcholine and catecholamines on the medullary neurons are discussed.Since the first observation of a central effect of angiotensin II (AT,,) in dogs (1), con siderable evidence has accumulated that at least some of the hypertensive effects of AT,, are mediated by an action on the central mechanisms of the autonomic nervous system (2).The lower medulla is considered by several investigators to be one of the sites of central

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Angiotensin Ii on the Medullaryneurons and Their Sensitivity to Acetylcholine and Catecholamines

Suga

Suzuki

1979

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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“…reduced the nasal secretion induced by inhalation of ACh and histamine into the nasal cavities. Hukuhara (21) has reported that a low dose of pentobar bital inhibited neuronal discharges of the re spiratory center without cardiovascular effects. These results may indicate the involvement of a nasal reflex in the nasal secretion of guinea pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Muscarinic Antagonists on Experimental Nasal Secretion in Guinea Pigs.

et al. 1991

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ABSTRACT-The effects of muscarinic antagonists on acetylcholine (ACh) and histamine-induced nasal secretion were investigated in guinea pigs. Inhalations of flut ropium (0.01 to 0.3%) and atropine (0.03 to 0.3%) into the nasal cavities dose-depend ently inhibited the nasal secretion induced by ACh. The inhibitory action of flutro pium was slightly stronger than that of atropine. Inhalations of pirenzepine (0.3%) and gallamine (0.3%) had no effect on the ACh-induced nasal secretion. However, 4 DAMP dose-dependently inhibited the nasal secretion induced by ACh. Inhalations of flutropium (0.3%) and diphenhydramine (0.3%) showed a similar inhibitory action on the histamine-induced nasal secretion. These results suggest that 1) inhalation into the nasal cavities of flutropium was effective in experimental model of ACh and histamine-induced nasal secretion, 2) M3 cholinergic receptors may be dominant in the nasal secretion induced by ACh and 3) the experimental model of drug-induced nasal secretion in guinea pigs used in the present study can be employed to develop therapeutic drugs for nasal secretion.

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“…Existence of widespread ascending respiratory efferent projections from the lower brain stem has been shown [13,22,34,42]. On the other hand, influences on neural respiratory activities mediated by descending projections from nonrespiratory systems in the forebrain has been demonstrated [13,21,60].…”

Section: Multiplicity Of the Function Of The Central Respiratory Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Periodic modulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activities in synchronization with respiratory rhythm is well known [13,25,26,29,33,34]. Transection of the neuraxis at the bulbo-spinal junction abolished respiratory rhythms in the renal sympathetic nerve activity [13].…”

Section: Multiplicity Of the Function Of The Central Respiratory Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The author would therefore like to propose a view that the neuronal network of the central respiratory mechanisms might be regarded as a complex neural organization consisting of several functional subsystems [22,35]. These subsystems are functional in nature and engage mainly the following functions operating in dynamic interactions with other subsystems to a greater or lesser degree.…”

Section: Multiplicity Of the Function Of The Central Respiratory Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organization of the brain stem neural mechanisms for generation of respiratory rhythm - Current problems.

Hukuhara

1988

Jpn.J.Physiol

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The motoneuronal populations controlling the respiratory motor apparatus are located from sites in the brain stem to lumbar segments of the spinal cord [48,60]. In production and maintenance of respiratory movements these motoneuronal pools are mainly regulated by specific integrative neural mechanisms, the so-called central respiratory mechanisms, under various conditions. Rhythmic control of the act of breathing is performed by a rhythmic nervous activity which originates in the lower brain stem [13,15,16,47,60]. Respiratory movements are continuously adjusted in response to physiological demands of the organism by neural [13,15,16,47,60] and chemical respiratory control mechanisms [54]. These dynamic regulatory processes are maintained involving the entire neuraxis [16,21,35], although the central respiratory mechanisms in the brain stem play a main role in the regulation of breathing [13,15;16, 24, 36].

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Neuronal organization of central vasomotor control mechanisms in the brain stem of the cat

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of Angiotensin Ii on the Medullaryneurons and Their Sensitivity to Acetylcholine and Catecholamines

Effects of Angiotensin Ii on the Medullaryneurons and Their Sensitivity to Acetylcholine and Catecholamines

Effects of Muscarinic Antagonists on Experimental Nasal Secretion in Guinea Pigs.

Organization of the brain stem neural mechanisms for generation of respiratory rhythm - Current problems.

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