Neuromodulatory Effects of Hesperidin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathogenesis of streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes mellitus and its complication in central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have provided insights on antioxidants and their emergence as potential therapeutic and nutraceutical. The present study examined the hypothesis that hesperidin (HP) ameliorates oxidative stress and may be a limiting factor in the extent of CNS complication following diabetes. To test this hypothesis rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic, diabetic-HP treated, and vehicle for HP treatment group. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single injection of STZ (65 mg/kg body weight). Three days after STZ injection, HP was given (50 mg/kg b.wt. orally) once daily for four weeks. The results of the present investigation suggest that the significant elevated levels of oxidative stress markers were observed in STZ-treated animals, whereas significant depletion in the activity of nonenzymatic antioxidants and enzymatic antioxidants was witnessed in diabetic rat brain. Neurotoxicity biomarker activity was also altered significantly. HP treatment significantly attenuated the altered levels of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity biomarkers. Our results demonstrate that HP exhibits potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects on the brain tissue against the diabetic oxidative damage in STZ-induced rodent model.

Influence of kaempferol, a flavonoid compound, on membrane-bound ATPases in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

“…Antioxidants are becoming increasingly popular in oxidative stress-related disorders and hold promise as therapeutic agents. The antioxidant compounds can counteract the decrease in ATPase activity and the increase in oxidative stress that are induced by STZ (Ashafaq et al, 2014). The beneficial effects of kaempferol may also be attributed to improve antioxidant activity in tissues, which potentially reduces the membrane LPO .…”

Neurotoxicological assessment of pendimethalin in freshwater fish Channa punctata Bloch

“…MAO was measured by using the method of Ashafaq et al (2014), based on oxidation of BAHC to benzaldehyde. The enzyme activity was calculated as mol BAHC hydrolysed/min/mg protein using a molar extinction coefficient of 7.6925 M −1 cm −1 .…”

Assessment of the therapeutic potential of hesperidin and proteomic resolution of diabetes-mediated neuronal fluctuations expediting Alzheimer’s disease

“…10,11 These pernicious and irreversible side effects increase health complexities in diabetes patients, leading to an incorporation of medicine for secondary diseases in the existent treatment regime. 13,14 HP reduces cholesterol, 15 blood pressure 16 and bone density loss, 17 and carries signicant anti-inammatory and analgesic ramications. 12 Development of simple medication systems, including therapeutics for maintaining glucose levels in a normal range and simultaneous resistance of secondary damages to organs, is quintessential.…”

“…Hesperidin (HP), an abundant avonone glycoside found in citrus fruits, is involved in plant defense mechanisms. 14 HP oral administrations signicantly diminish the elevated levels of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity biomarkers induced during STZ-mediated diabetes. 18,19 HP exhibits anticancer activity 20 and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.…”

“…13,14 HP reduces cholesterol, 15 blood pressure 16 and bone density loss, 17 and carries signicant anti-inammatory and analgesic ramications. 14 Conjointly, depleted activities of both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants get restored. 21 HP possesses antioxidant and neuroprotective attributes on the brain tissue against the hyperglycemia-mediated diabetic oxidative damage in STZ-DM rat models.…”