Neurological TB in HIV

Bovijn, Louise; Solomons, Regan; Marais, Suzaan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29108-2_13

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 218 publications

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“…Central nervous system (CNS) TB is a devastating form of TB, resulting in death or disability in the majority of affected indidviduals. 177 Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), and other less common neurological manifestations such as intracranial tuberculoma/abscess and spinal TB, may occur either in isolation or in various combinations. The major intracranial pathological consequences of the inflammatory reaction elicited by M. tuberculosis include 1) arachnoiditis, which may result in cranial nerve palsies and obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow, 2) vasculitis, which may result in strokes, and 3) tuberculoma/abscess formation.…”

Section: Post-tb Neurological Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-TB health and wellbeing

Nightingale

Carlin

Meghji

et al. 2023

int j tuberc lung dis

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TB affects around 10.6 million people each year and there are now around 155 million TB survivors. TB and its treatments can lead to permanently impaired health and wellbeing. In 2019, representatives of TB affected communities attending the ‘1st International Post-Tuberculosis Symposium´ called for the development of clinical guidance on these issues. This clinical statement on post-TB health and wellbeing responds to this call and builds on the work of the symposium, which brought together TB survivors, healthcare professionals and researchers. Our document offers expert opinion and, where possible, evidence-based guidance to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of post-TB conditions and research in this field. It covers all aspects of post-TB, including economic, social and psychological wellbeing, post TB lung disease (PTLD), cardiovascular and pericardial disease, neurological disability, effects in adolescents and children, and future research needs.

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Section: Post-tb Neurological Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-TB health and wellbeing

Nightingale

Carlin

Meghji

et al. 2023

int j tuberc lung dis

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Factors associated with in-hospital mortality in HIV-infected children treated for tuberculous meningitis hydrocephalus

Enicker,

Aldous

2023

Childs Nerv Syst

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Purpose The study aimed to investigate factors associated with in-hospital mortality in children diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) hydrocephalus and HIV co-infection undergoing cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures and their complications. Methods Data were collected retrospectively and prospectively between 2007 and 2022. Data collected included demographics, clinical characteristics, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, biochemistry results, CD4 count, radiology findings, CSF diversion procedures (and complications), length of hospital stay (LOHS), and in-hospital mortality. Results Thirty-one children were included, with a mean age of 6.7 ± 5.3 years and 67.7% males. Median admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 11 (IQR 9–15). Hypertonia (64.5%) and seizures (51.6%) were frequently observed clinical characteristics. Sixty-one percent of children were on ART. Cerebral infarcts and extra-meningeal TB were diagnosed in 64.5% and 19.3% of cases, respectively. The median CD4 count was 151 (IQR 70–732) cells/µL. Surgical procedures included ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) in 26 cases and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in five children. VPS complication rate was 27%. No complications were reported for ETV. Median LOHS was 7 days (IQR 4–21). Eleven children (35.5%) died during admission. Factors associated with mortality included GCS (p = 0.032), infarcts (p = 0.004), extra-meningeal TB (p = 0.003), VPS infection (p = 0.018), low CD4 count (p = 0.009), and hyponatremia (p = 0.002). No statistically significant factors were associated with VPS complications. Conclusion TBM hydrocephalus in HIV-infected children carries a high mortality. Clinicians in high-prevalence settings should have a high suspicion index and institute early treatment.

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Neurological TB in HIV

Cited by 2 publications

References 218 publications

Post-TB health and wellbeing

Post-TB health and wellbeing

Factors associated with in-hospital mortality in HIV-infected children treated for tuberculous meningitis hydrocephalus

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