Neurological signs of possible diagnostic value in the cognitive disorders clinic: Table 1

La maladie du petit papier: A sign of functional cognitive disorder?

“…Although further, larger, studies are required, the evidence from this pragmatic diagnostic test accuracy study suggests that LMDPP may be added to the list of noncanonical neurological signs of diagnostic utility in the cognitive disorders clinic . Like the “attended alone” sign, its presence may support a positive diagnosis of functional cognitive disorder.…”

Spontaneous resolution of frontotemporal brain sagging syndrome

“…On neurological examination, there was psychomotor retardation, and the head turning and applause signs were evident, 2 Magnetic resonance (MR) brain imaging, performed prior to neurology referral, showed normal brain parenchyma aside from minor small vessel ischaemic changes, but bilateral shallow subdural collections, slight inferior displacement of the brainstem, and uniform meningeal enhancement on contrast imaging, suggestive of low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. A presumptive diagnosis of FTBSS was made.…”

“…The important point is made that head injury often occurs from a standing height in older adults, however so too does cervical spine fracture. 2 Indeed, the Canadian C-spine rules deem those at 'high risk' from a fracture to be those over the age of 65, those with extremity paraesthesia, or sustaining a dangerous mechanism of injury (fall from greater than three feet, axial load injury, road traffic accident, bicycle collision). According to this rule, the cervical spine cannot be clinically cleared if the patient fits any of the above criteria and imaging is recommended.…”

Clinical variables related to the diagnostic stability of demential syndromes

“…Then, the reported complaints from patients (self-report) and family or informants were assessed and divided to the following: memory, speech, executive function, behavior, visual-spatial, perception, and gait. The neurological exam was classified according to the changes that contribute to the differential diagnosis of dementia (Larner, 2014).The time since the commencement of the symptoms as well as the psychiatric, vascular, and non-vascular background was described. The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) (Montaño et al, 2005) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) (Camozzato et al, 2008) were included based on informant's descriptions.…”