Neurological abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder at first admission to hospital: correlations with computerized tomography and regional cerebral blood flow findings

Rubin, P.; Vorstrup, Sissel; Hemmingsen, Ralf; Andersen, Hans Skifter; Bendsen, Birgitte Bjerg; Strømsø, N.; Larsen, Jens Knud; Bolwig, Tom G.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01611.x

Cited by 63 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the underlying cerebral changes have not yet been fully identified. Limited structural brain imaging from western samples suggest that neurological soft signs are associated with enlargement of cerebral ventricles [42], smaller brain areas [43], particularly in grey matter involving in sub-cortical regions such as putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus as well as cerebellum [44][45][46][47][48]. A similar reduction in grey matter volumes in these regions was also demonstrated in healthy volunteers [49].…”

Section: Illustration Of Neurological Soft Signs As An Example From Cmentioning

confidence: 55%

Consortium for the Human Information and Neurocognitive Endophenotype (CHINE) in mainland China: An example from neurological soft signs for neuropsychiatric disorders

Chan

2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Increasing efforts to identify alternate expressions of neuropsychiatric disorders that are broader than the DSM or ICD diagnostic criteria needed to diagnose them reflects a growing consensus that multidimensional expressions of neuropsychiatric disorders may advance the search for underlying etiological or modulatory factors. Endophenotypic research can be considered to be one of the most promising strategies to bridge the gap between genomic complexity and the phenotypic heterogeneity observed in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the majority of endophenotype studies were limited to our western counterparts, very little has been done and initiated by scholars in mainland China. In this paper, we urge the need to establish a potential central consortium for endophenotypes to study neuropsychiatric disorders in mainland China. In particular, we illustrate a potential example of neurological soft signs in following the steps for building the consortium. endophenotypes, neurological soft signs, neuropsychiatric disorders, mental health, China Citation:Chan R C K. Consortium for the Human Information and Neurocognitive Endophenotype (CHINE) in mainland China: An example from neurological soft signs for neuropsychiatric disorders.This strategic paper argues the need for establishing a central consortium for the endophenotype approach for neuropsychiatric disorders in mainland China. We start with a brief introduction to endophenotypes, what is known about the concept of endophenotypes, and then to illustrate the claim that endophenotypes are more important than traditional genetic approach of studying neuropsychiatric disorders. This is not our intention to provide a comprehensive review of all endophenotypes employed in neuropsychiatric disorders in this strategic paper because there are several systematic reviews on this aspect [1][2][3][4]. However, we would illustrate an example of a promising endophenotype, neurological soft signs, in detailing the steps for building the consortium.

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Section: Illustration Of Neurological Soft Signs As An Example From Cmentioning

confidence: 55%

Consortium for the Human Information and Neurocognitive Endophenotype (CHINE) in mainland China: An example from neurological soft signs for neuropsychiatric disorders

Chan

2011

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…Moreover, several studies found that overall neurological impairment was related to severity of negative symptoms (e.g., Yazici et al, 2002;Scheffer, 2004). However, a few studies (e.g., Bartko, Zador, Horvath, & Herezeg, 1988;Rubin et al, 1994;Chen, Lam, Chen, & Nguyen, 1996) failed to find a significant relation between negative symptoms and neurological impairment. Bombin et al suggested that these studies did not include tasks that assessed neurological soft signs in the domains of motor sequencing and sensory integration.…”

Section: Neurological Soft Signs and Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Soft Signs in Psychometrically Identified Schizotypy

Kaczorowski

Barrantes‐Vidal

Kwapil

2010

Schizophrenia Research

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Patients with schizophrenia often exhibit structural brain abnormalities, as well as neurological soft signs, consistent with its conceptualization as a neurodevelopmental disorder. Neurological soft signs are mild, presumably nonlocalizing, neurological impairments that are inferred from performance deficits in domains such as sensory integration, motor coordination, and motor sequencing. The vulnerability for schizophrenia is presumed to be expressed across a broad continuum of impairment referred to as schizotypy. It is hypothesized that nondisordered people along the schizotypy continuum should exhibit elevated rates of neurological soft signs. The present study examined the relation of psychometrically identified positive and negative schizotypy with neurological soft signs using the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES) in a nonclinically ascertained sample of young adults (n = 177). As hypothesized, negative, but not positive, schizotypy was related to increased neurological soft signs in tasks that assessed fine and gross motor coordination, motor sequencing, eye movement abnormalities, and memory recall. However, positive schizotypy was associated with increased neurological soft signs in tasks related to sensory integration dysfunction. In general, the positive x negative schizotypy interaction term was unrelated to individual neurological soft sign tasks. The findings support: a) the theory that the vulnerability for schizophrenia is expressed across a broad continuum of subclinical and clinical impairment referred to as schizotypy; b) the multidimensional structure of schizotypy; and c) the notion that schizotypy is an appropriate construct for understanding the etiology and development of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS IN PSYCHOMETRICALLY IDENTIFIEDSCHIZOTYPY by

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“…3,4 Studies have been conducted to investigate the regional cerebral flood flow (rCBF), especially in the frontal lobe, of both normal subjects and schizophrenic patients while tak-ing the WCST. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Rezai et al showed that the WCST primarily activates the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of normal adults. 14 Nevertheless, Cantor-Graae et al found no significant prefrontal flow augmentations during performance of the WCST of healthy volunteers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between regional cerebral blood flow and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in negative schizophrenia

Liu

Tam

Xie

et al. 2002

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and problem-solving thinking in negative schizophrenia. Twenty-one negative schizophrenic patients and 12 normal controls were studied with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Measures of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were taken both at rest and during a prefrontal activation task using Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Compared with controls, poor performances on the WCST of total trials category (TT), perseverative errors (PE) and non-perseverative errors (NE) were found in negative schizophrenic (P < 0.05). During WCST activation, patients showed interhemispheric differences in the prefrontal region, but under rest conditions, no such differences manifested. The negative schizophrenia group had a significantly lower rCBF change rate in profrontal lobe during stimulant WCST than those in normal controls (P < 0.05). The negative schizophrenic patient has executive function deficits and lower rCBF perfusion in left profrontal lobes, which suggest that the negative schizophrenic patient has dysfunction of the left profrontal region.

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Neurological abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder at first admission to hospital: correlations with computerized tomography and regional cerebral blood flow findings

Cited by 63 publications

References 21 publications

Consortium for the Human Information and Neurocognitive Endophenotype (CHINE) in mainland China: An example from neurological soft signs for neuropsychiatric disorders

Consortium for the Human Information and Neurocognitive Endophenotype (CHINE) in mainland China: An example from neurological soft signs for neuropsychiatric disorders

Neurological Soft Signs in Psychometrically Identified Schizotypy

The relationship between regional cerebral blood flow and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in negative schizophrenia

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