Neuroinflammation PET Imaging: Current Opinion and Future Directions

Jain, Poorva; Chaney, Aisling M.; Carlson, Mackenzie; Jackson, Isaac M.; Rao, Anoushka; James, Michelle L.

doi:10.2967/jnumed.119.229443

Cited by 73 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(99 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Given prior results focusing on monocytic responses in this population, future neuroimaging work should seek methods for monitoring brain macrophagic reesponses. Despite the shortcomings of TSPO radioligands, TSPO PET remains the most widely used tool for assessing neuroinflammation and there is currently no better validated inflammatory radiotracer available (for review, see ( Jain et al., 2020 )).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation in World Trade Center responders at midlife: A pilot study using [18F]-FEPPA PET imaging

Deri

Clouston

DeLorenzo

et al. 2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Neuroinflammation has long been theorized to arise from exposures to fine particulate matter and to be modulated when individuals experience chronic stress, both of which are also though to cause cognitive decline in part as a result of neuroinflammation. Objectives Hypothesizing that neuroinflammation might be linked to experiences at the World Trade Center (WTC) events, this study explored associations between glial activation and neuropsychological measures including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and WTC exposure duration. Methods Translocator protein 18-kDa (TSPO) is overexpressed by activated glial cells, predominantly microglia and astrocytes, making TSPO distribution a putative biomarker for neuroinflammation. Twenty WTC responders completed neuropsychological assessments and in vivo PET brain scan with [ 18 F]-FEPPA. Generalized linear modeling was used to test associations between PTSD, and WTC exposure duratiioni as the predictor and both global and regional [ 18 F]-FEPPA total distribution volumes as the outcomes. Result Responders were 56.0 ± 4.7 years-old, and 75% were police officers on 9/11/2001, and all had at least a high school education. Higher PTSD symptom severity was associated with global and regional elevations in [ 18 F]-FEPPA binding predominantly in the hippocampus ( d = 0.72, P = 0.001) and frontal cortex ( d = 0.64, P = 0.004). Longer exposure duration to WTC sites was associated with higher [ 18 F]-FEPPA binding in the parietal cortex. Conclusion Findings from this study of WTC responders at midlife suggest that glial activation is associated with PTSD symptoms, and WTC exposure duration. Future investigation is needed to understand the important role of neuroinflammation in highly exposed WTC responders.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation in World Trade Center responders at midlife: A pilot study using [18F]-FEPPA PET imaging

Deri

Clouston

DeLorenzo

et al. 2021

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…and relevant neuropathology. Future studies integrating emerging markers of synaptic function and neuroinflammation (e.g., PET markers of synaptic vesicle and translocator proteins 30 ), as well as neuropathological assessment are key to this goal. Studies in LGI1 antibody encephalitis patients may be particularly insightful as the LGI1 protein is most strongly expressed in the hippocampus, 31 and LGI1 antibody encephalitis preferentially affects older individuals, 1,2 who are most susceptible to AD neuropathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flortaucipir (tau) PET in LGI1 antibody encephalitis

Day

Gordon

McCullough

et al. 2021

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The contributors to persistent cognitive impairment and hippocampal atrophy in leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis (LGI1) patients are unknown. We evaluated whether tau neuropathology measured with [18F]flortaucipir PET neuroimaging associated with persistent cognitive impairment and hippocampal atrophy in four recovering LGI1 patients (3 men; median age, 67 [37–88] years). Imaging findings in cases were compared with those observed in age‐ and gender‐similar cognitively normal individuals (n = 124) and individuals with early‐symptomatic Alzheimer disease (n = 11). Elevated [18F]flortaucipir retention was observed in the two LGI1 patients with hippocampal atrophy and persistent cognitive impairment, including one with autopsy‐confirmed Alzheimer disease. Tau neuropathology may associate with cognitive complaints and hippocampal atrophy in recovering LGI1 patients.

show abstract

“…Several biomarkers and associated radiotracers were proposed for the detection of different steps in the neuroinflammation biochemical cascade. We refer the interested reader to two detailed and comprehensive overviews of recent neuroinflammation PET biomarkers [ 149 , 150 ]. Here, we provide a brief overview of two imaging biomarkers for neuroinflammation, which are linked to the redox landscape: TSPO and MAO–B ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Imaging Redox Biomarkers Of Neuroinflammation In the Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Biomarkers for Monitoring the Inflammatory Redox Landscape in the Brain

Fernandes

Özcelik

2021

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammation is one key process in driving cellular redox homeostasis toward oxidative stress, which perpetuates inflammation. In the brain, this interplay results in a vicious cycle of cell death, the loss of neurons, and leakage of the blood–brain barrier. Hence, the neuroinflammatory response fuels the development of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Interrogation of the interplay between inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death in neurological tissue in vivo is very challenging. The complexity of the underlying biological process and the fragility of the brain limit our understanding of the cause and the adequate diagnostics of neuroinflammatory diseases. In recent years, advancements in the development of molecular imaging agents addressed this limitation and enabled imaging of biomarkers of neuroinflammation in the brain. Notable redox biomarkers for imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) tracers are the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) and monoamine oxygenase B (MAO–B). These findings and achievements offer the opportunity for novel diagnostic applications and therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes experimental as well as established pharmaceutical and biotechnological tools for imaging the inflammatory redox landscape in the brain, and provides a glimpse into future applications.

show abstract

Neuroinflammation PET Imaging: Current Opinion and Future Directions

Cited by 73 publications

References 38 publications

Neuroinflammation in World Trade Center responders at midlife: A pilot study using [18F]-FEPPA PET imaging

Neuroinflammation in World Trade Center responders at midlife: A pilot study using [18F]-FEPPA PET imaging

Flortaucipir (tau) PET in LGI1 antibody encephalitis

Imaging Biomarkers for Monitoring the Inflammatory Redox Landscape in the Brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About