Neuroimaging the temporal dynamics of human avoidance to sustained threat

Schlund, Michael W.; Hudgins, Caleb D.; Magee, Sandy K.; Dymond, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.042

Cited by 33 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The amygdala and associated circuitry have been primarily related to avoidance mechanisms, and the striatum and associated circuitry to approach mechanisms (Ernst and Fudge, 2009). Furthermore, amygdala and striatum abnormalities have been associated with different psychiatric problem domains, for example with depression (Stuhrmann et al, 2011), (social) anxiety (Shin and Liberzon, 2009; Freitas-Ferrari et al, 2010), avoidance behavior (Schlund et al, 2013), ADHD (Cubillo et al, 2012; Tajima-Pozo et al, 2016) and antisocial behavior (Glenn and Yang, 2012; Blair, 2013). To further link approach and reward mechanisms to facial emotion processing in the specific psychiatric problem domains, we commend future study of activation and connectivity of the amygdala, striatum and their associated circuits during the processing of conscious as well as subliminally presented facial emotions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Sensitivity to Happy and Angry Facial Emotions in Young Adults with Psychiatric Problems

et al. 2016

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Many psychiatric problem domains have been associated with emotion-specific biases or general deficiencies in facial emotion identification. However, both within and between psychiatric problem domains, large variability exists in the types of emotion identification problems that were reported. Moreover, since the domain-specificity of the findings was often not addressed, it remains unclear whether patterns found for specific problem domains can be better explained by co-occurrence of other psychiatric problems or by more generic characteristics of psychopathology, for example, problem severity. In this study, we aimed to investigate associations between emotion identification biases and five psychiatric problem domains, and to determine the domain-specificity of these biases. Data were collected as part of the ‘No Fun No Glory’ study and involved 2,577 young adults. The study participants completed a dynamic facial emotion identification task involving happy, sad, angry, and fearful faces, and filled in the Adult Self-Report Questionnaire, of which we used the scales depressive problems, anxiety problems, avoidance problems, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) problems and antisocial problems. Our results suggest that participants with antisocial problems were significantly less sensitive to happy facial emotions, participants with ADHD problems were less sensitive to angry emotions, and participants with avoidance problems were less sensitive to both angry and happy emotions. These effects could not be fully explained by co-occurring psychiatric problems. Whereas this seems to indicate domain-specificity, inspection of the overall pattern of effect sizes regardless of statistical significance reveals generic patterns as well, in that for all psychiatric problem domains the effect sizes for happy and angry emotions were larger than the effect sizes for sad and fearful emotions. As happy and angry emotions are strongly associated with approach and avoidance mechanisms in social interaction, these mechanisms may hold the key to understanding the associations between facial emotion identification and a wide range of psychiatric problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Sensitivity to Happy and Angry Facial Emotions in Young Adults with Psychiatric Problems

et al. 2016

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“…Comparable perturbations occur in other clinical scenarios relevant to the NVS domain (Rottenberg et al 2005, Schlund et al 2013, Dillon et al 2014). LOC-eating, therefore, may occur as a dysfunctional means to avoid negative emotions or compensate for emotion blunting.…”

Section: Neural Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Behavioral and neurodevelopmental precursors to binge-type eating disorders: support for the role of negative valence systems

et al. 2015

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Background Pediatric loss-of-control eating is a robust behavioral precursor to binge-type eating disorders. Elucidating precursors to loss-of-control eating and binge-type eating disorders may refine developmental risk models of eating disorders and inform interventions. Method We review evidence within constructs of the Negative Valence Systems (NVS)-domain, as specified by the Research Domain Criteria framework. Based on published studies, we propose an integrated NVS model of binge-type eating disorder risk. Results Data implicate altered corticolimbic functioning, neuroendocrine dysregulation, and self-reported negative affect as possible risk-factors. However, neuroimaging and physiological data in children and adolescents are sparse, and most prospective studies are limited to self-report measures. Conclusions We discuss a broad NVS framework for conceptualizing early risk for binge-type eating disorders. Future neural and behavioral research on the developmental trajectory of loss-of-control and binge-type eating disorders is required.

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“…However, the results from these are broadly consistent with the animal literature. Thus, studies using functional imaging have implicated the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, medial prefrontal cortex, and other areas, including habit circuits of the dorsal striatum, in active avoidance in humans 221–223 .…”

Section: The Resurrection: Revisiting Avoidance Action Circuitry Thromentioning

confidence: 99%

The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance: a reconceptualization of a troubled paradigm

et al. 2016

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Research on avoidance conditioning began in the late 1930s as a way to use laboratory experiments to better understand uncontrollable fear and anxiety. Avoidance was initially conceived of as a two-factor learning process in which fear is initially acquired through Pavlovian aversive conditioning (so-called fear conditioning), and then behaviors that reduce the fear aroused by the Pavlovian conditioned stimulus are reinforced through instrumental conditioning. Over the years, criticisms of both the avoidance paradigm and the two-factor fear theory arose. By the mid 1980s, avoidance had fallen out of favor as an experimental model relevant to fear and anxiety. However recent progress in understanding the neural basis of Pavlovian conditioning has stimulated a new wave of research on avoidance. The new work has fostered new insights into contributions of not only Pavlovian and instrumental learning, but also habit learning, to avoidance, and has suggested that the reinforcing event underlying the instrumental phase should be conceived in terms of cellular and molecular events in specific circuits rather than in terms of vague notions of fear reduction. In our approach, defensive reactions (freezing), actions (avoidance) and habits (habitual avoidance) are viewed as being controlled by unique circuits that operate non-consciously in the control of behavior, and that are distinct from the circuits that give rise to conscious feelings of fear and anxiety. These refinements, we suggest, overcome older criticisms, justifying the value of the new wave of research on avoidance, and offering a fresh perspective on the clinical implications of this work.

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Neuroimaging the temporal dynamics of human avoidance to sustained threat

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

Lower Sensitivity to Happy and Angry Facial Emotions in Young Adults with Psychiatric Problems

Lower Sensitivity to Happy and Angry Facial Emotions in Young Adults with Psychiatric Problems

Behavioral and neurodevelopmental precursors to binge-type eating disorders: support for the role of negative valence systems

The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance: a reconceptualization of a troubled paradigm

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