Neuroenhancement with Vitamin B12—Underestimated Neurological Significance

Gröber, Uwe; Kisters, Klaus; Schmidt, Joachim

doi:10.3390/nu5125031

Cited by 121 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…According to Cochrane Group review the efficacy of orally administered vitamin B 12 to treat deficiency with initial doses of 1-2mg daily, then weekly, is confirmed and is just as effective as parenteral administration. However, in severe neurological disorders parenteral administration of vitamin B 12 should be done for immediate effect 29 .…”

Section: Treatment Of Vitamin B 12 Deficiency Among Diabetic Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin Use and Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Singh¹,

Baheti²

2016

MVP J Med Sci

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Metformin is commonly used oral hypoglycaemic agent in the treatment of type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). One of the important side effect of long term metformin therapy is malabsorption of vitamin B 12 which could lead to megaloblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy. Therefore annual screening of serum vitamin B 12 level or serum methylmalonic acid (MMA)/serum homocysteine level should be done in cases taking metformin for more than four to five years with average dose of >1g per day, even in the absence of haematological or neurological abnormalities. However, as the incidence of type-2 DM is increasing, cost of annual measurement of vitamin B 12 level also increases. Considering cost factor for annual screening, vitamin B 12 supplementation appears to be more cost effective approach rather than annual screening for routine prophylaxis. Routine vitamin preparations available in the market may contain less amount of B 12 and hence are not of much therapeutic use in treatment of B 12 deficiency due to Metformin. Hence there is a need to look for higher doses of approximately 500-2000μg/day.

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Section: Treatment Of Vitamin B 12 Deficiency Among Diabetic Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin Use and Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Singh¹,

Baheti²

2016

MVP J Med Sci

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“…Vitamin B 12 and omega-3 fatty acids have been widely studied in context of brain development and functioning [2][3][4][5]. Vitamin B 12 is a key component of the one carbon cycle and its deficiency is associated with high levels of homocysteine which is an important risk factor for neurological and cognitive impairment [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of omega‐3 fatty acids and vitamin B₁₂ supplementation on brain docosahexaenoic acid, brain derived neurotrophic factor, and cognitive performance in the second‐generation Wistar rats

et al. 2015

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In vegetarian population, vitamin B12 deficiency coexists with suboptimal levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Studies indicate a need for supplementation/fortification of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce the risk of brain disorders. We have described the effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on brain development in F1 generation animals. The current study investigates the effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on brain function and cognition. Pregnant Wistar rats were assigned the following groups: control, vitamin B12 deficient (BD), vitamin B12 deficient + omega-3 fatty acid (BDO), vitamin B12 supplemented (BS), vitamin B12 supplemented + omega-3 fatty acid (BSO). The same diets were continued for two generations. BDO group showed higher (P < 0.05) levels of BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in the cortex and hippocampus as compared with the BD group. The cognitive performance was also normalized in this group. BS showed comparable levels of DHA, BDNF (protein and mRNA), and CREB mRNA (cAMP response element-binding protein) to that of control group while Tropomyosin receptor kinase mRNA levels were higher. The combined vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation further enhanced the levels of DHA (P < 0.05) and BDNF (P < 0.05) in the hippocampus and CREB mRNA (P < 0.01) in the cortex as compared with BS group. The cognitive performance of these animals was higher (P < 0.05) as compared with BS group. Our data indicates the beneficial effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation across two generations on brain development and function.

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“…It is important to note that point prevalence estimates of B12 deficiency at admission (14%) and at 1 year post-admission (7%) likely underestimate the true proportion of residents impacted by metabolic changes associated with inadequate B12 status. A 2003 review summarized evidence to suggest that a functional deficit may be present at B12 levels under 332 pmol/L (400 ng/mL) and that approximately 15% of older adults with apparent normal B12 levels have evidence of metabolic abnormality (Grober et al 2013). A 4% incidence of B12 deficiency indicates that B12 status is a relevant form of malnutrition in this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B₁₂ status in older adults living in Ontario long-term care homes: prevalence and incidence of deficiency with supplementation as a protective factor

Pfisterer

Sharratt

Heckman

et al. 2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Vitamin B 12 (B12) deficiency, although treatable, impacts up to 43% of community-living older adults; long-term care (LTC) residents may be at greater risk. Recommendations for screening require further evidence on prevalence and incidence in LTC. Small, ungeneralizable samples provide a limited perspective on these issues. The purposes of this study were to report prevalence of B12 deficiency at admission to LTC, incidence 1 year post-admission, and identify subgroups with differential risk. This multi-site (8), retrospective prevalence study used random proportionate sampling of resident charts (n = 412). Data at admission extracted included demographics, B12 status, B12 supplementation, medications, diagnoses, functional independence, cognitive performance, and nutrition. Prevalence at admission of B12 deficiency (<156 pmol/L) was 13.8%; 47.6% had normal B12 (>300 pmol/L). One year post-admission incidence was 4%. Better B12 status was significantly associated with supplementation use prior to LTC admission. Other characteristics were not associated with status. This work provides a better estimate of B12 deficiency prevalence than previously available for LTC, upon which to base protocols and policy. Prospective studies are needed to establish treatment efficacy and effect on health related outcomes.Key words: vitamin B12 deficiency prevalence, older adults, long-term care, micronutrient malnutrition, incidence.Résumé : La déficience en vitamine B 12 (B12) bien que traitable, touche jusqu'à 43 % des personnes âgées vivant dans une communauté; les patients aux soins de longue durée (SLD) seraient plus à risque. Il faut plus de données probantes sur la prévalence et l'incidence dans les SLD pour proposer des recommandations en matière de dépistage. Des études menées auprès d'échantillons restreints ne permettant pas de généralisation présentent une perspective limitée à ce sujet. Cette étude a pour objectif de rapporter la prévalence de déficience en vitamine B12 au moment de l'admission aux SLD, l'incidence un an plus tard et d'identifier des sous-groupes présentant un risque différent. Cette étude rétrospective sur la prévalence réalisée à plusieurs sites (8) utilise un échantillonnage aléatoire proportionnel des dossiers de résidents (n = 412). Les données utilisées à l'admission sont : démographiques, statut en vitamine B12, supplémentation en vitamine B12, médication, diagnostic, autonomie fonctionnelle, performance cognitive et nutrition. La prévalence de déficience en B12 (<156 pmol/L) à l'admission est de 13,8 %; 47,6 % présentent un taux normal de B12 (>300 pmol/L). Un an après l'admission, l'incidence est de 4 %. Un meilleur statut en B12 est significativement associé à la consommation de suppléments avant l'admission aux SLD. Les autres variables ne sont pas associées au statut en B12. Cette étude procure une meilleure estimation de la prévalence de la déficience en B12 comparativement à ce qui était antérieurement disponible pour les SLD; cette étude permet d'établir des protocoles et un...

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Neuroenhancement with Vitamin B12—Underestimated Neurological Significance

Cited by 121 publications

References 39 publications

Metformin Use and Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metformin Use and Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Beneficial effects of omega‐3 fatty acids and vitamin B₁₂ supplementation on brain docosahexaenoic acid, brain derived neurotrophic factor, and cognitive performance in the second‐generation Wistar rats

Vitamin B₁₂ status in older adults living in Ontario long-term care homes: prevalence and incidence of deficiency with supplementation as a protective factor

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Neuroenhancement with Vitamin B12—Underestimated Neurological Significance

Cited by 121 publications

References 39 publications

Metformin Use and Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metformin Use and Vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> Deficiency in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Beneficial effects of omega‐3 fatty acids and vitamin B12 supplementation on brain docosahexaenoic acid, brain derived neurotrophic factor, and cognitive performance in the second‐generation Wistar rats

Vitamin B12 status in older adults living in Ontario long-term care homes: prevalence and incidence of deficiency with supplementation as a protective factor

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Beneficial effects of omega‐3 fatty acids and vitamin B₁₂ supplementation on brain docosahexaenoic acid, brain derived neurotrophic factor, and cognitive performance in the second‐generation Wistar rats

Vitamin B₁₂ status in older adults living in Ontario long-term care homes: prevalence and incidence of deficiency with supplementation as a protective factor