Neuroendokrine Neoplasien des Mediastinums

Mediastinal tumours and pseudo-tumours: a comprehensive review with emphasis on multidisciplinary approach

“…Accurate evaluation of the tumour proliferation is crucial for the correct diagnosis; indeed, current accepted histopathological criteria of NET grading are based on mitotic count cut-off values. Moreover, although not formally validated in the current NET classification, the assessment of proliferative phenotype may also be supported by evaluating Ki67 tissue markers [48].…”

Primary Mediastinal Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Presenting with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

“…The prognosis of patients with primary neuroendocrine tumors remains poor due to the frequency of local recurrence and metastasis after surgical excision. Small cell carcinomas have the worst prognosis of primary mediastinal tumors and the shortest median survival time of approximately 14 months [12]. Our patient initially received two cycles of cisplatin and etoposide chemotherapy and later received another two cycles of chemotherapy with concurrent radiation.…”

A Rare Case of Giant Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Thymus Treated with EN Bloc Resection

“…When present, symptoms are caused by local tumor growth, distant metastases and/or endocrine manifestations. Local symptoms are the commonest, such as compressive chest pain, cough, dyspnoea, respiratory distress and superior vena cava syndrome [3,5,10] . Functional NETs may rarely secret hormones, resulting in carcinoid syndrome, a clinical condition with symptoms such as skin flushing, diarrhea and palpitations [11,12] .…”

“…In some cases quimio and/or radiotherapy may be used as adjuvant therapy, as well as in inoperable patients [10,13,14] . A study from Crona et al suggests that Temozolomide or Platinum based chemotherapy should be considered as first-line medical therapy in patients with metastatic or non-resectable tumours [14] .…”