Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Step Beyond Palliative Therapy, Experience of 25 Cases

Kanetkar, Amol; Patkar, Shraddha; Khobragade, Krunal; Ostwal, Vikas; Ramaswamy, Anant; Goel, Mahesh

doi:10.1007/s12029-018-0070-y

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…4,9,19 Due to its rarity, studies of GB-NEC are mostly case reports and only a few studies were single-center researches with small samples. 11,[13][14][15]20 Therefore, the data to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics are limited. In our study, 15 patients with GB-NEC from two well-known tertiary medical centers were included, which makes it one of the largest series of GB-NEC in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, once diagnosed, extensive surgery and careful follow-up are mandatory and radical surgical resection is thought to be the relatively optimal treatment while medical therapy will be favorable in high grade metastatic carcinomas. [10][11][12][13] However, current treatment strategies cannot prevent patients from poor prognosis and overall survival time varied from 4 to 13.7 months, 11,14,15 which was significantly worse than gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GB-ADC), the most common carcinoma of gallbladder. In this report, we introduced and analyzed 15 patients with gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (GB-NEC) treated in two tertiary medical centers in The People's Republic of China between 2009 and 2015, then we compared them with patients of GB-ADC using a propensity score analysis and discussed their clinicopathological features and prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Clinical Analysis of 15 Cases of Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Comparison with Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Using a Propensity Score Matching</p>

Yan¹,

Wang²,

Xiao³

et al. 2020

CMAR

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This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (GB-NEC). Patients and Methods: Fifteen patients with GB-NEC and 171 patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GB-ADC) treated in two tertiary medical centers between 2009 and 2015 were included. The clinicopathological features and prognostic risk factors of GB-NEC were analyzed retrospectively. A propensity score matching in a 1:2 ratio was used to compare the prognosis of GB-NEC and GB-ADC. Results: For patients with GB-NEC, the median age of patients was 58.4 years (range 26-75), with a M:F ratio of 7:8. Based on 2010 WHO classification, ten cases were pathologically confirmed as NECs and five cases as MANECs. For TNM staging, eleven patients were stage III or above; while for Nevin staging, seven patients were stage IVor above. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival (OS) of GB-NEC were 60.0%, 38.8% and 31.1%, respectively, and the median survival time was 20.4 months. Patients with lymph node metastasis had significantly shorter survival than those without (OS: 10.4 vs 26.0 months, p<0.05). Accordingly, patients of Nevin stage III had better OS than those of Nevin stage IV (p<0.05), but other potential risk factors including gender, age, clinical symptoms, TNM stage, histopathologic subtype and treatment showed no significance. After the propensity score matching, the baseline variables had no significant difference between 15 patients with GB-NEC and 30 patients with GB-ADC, survival analysis showed GB-NEC had worse prognosis (3-year overall survival rate: 31.1% vs 63.8%, p<0.01). Conclusion: Nevin staging helps classify patients of GB-NEC with different prognosis and the lymph node metastasis is a strong negative prognostic factor for OS. The propensity score analysis revealed even with the similar stage and treatment, GB-NEC still had worse OS than GB-ADC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Clinical Analysis of 15 Cases of Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Comparison with Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Using a Propensity Score Matching</p>

Yan¹,

Wang²,

Xiao³

et al. 2020

CMAR

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“…Included studies. A total of 15 studies (14 case reports and 1 case series), which comprised 19 patients who successfully underwent surgical treatment for gMANEC were considered eligible for inclusion and analysis in our systematic review as shown in Table I (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma was established in six (31.5%) cases; in four of them preoperative biopsy was utilized (14,17), while in the other four PET and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) were used (26,28). Considering the locally advanced stage of disease at the time of diagnosis, two patients (10.5%) received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy with favorable response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma (MANEC) of the Gallbladder: A Systematic Review of Outcomes Following Surgical Management

Machairas

Πασπάλα

Frountzas

et al. 2019

In Vivo

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Background/Aim: Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas (MANEC) are uncommon tumors exhibiting both adenocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine differentiation. They most commonly arise in the colon, appendix, rectum or stomach, however, a limited number of MANECs have been reported to originate in the gallbladder (gMANEC). The aim of our systematic review was to accumulate the existing data on gMANEC with special attention to the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical approach, recurrence and survival rates of patients diagnosed with this rare malignancy. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was undertaken. Results: A total of 15 studies (14 case reports and 1 case series), which comprised 19 patients who successfully underwent surgical treatment for gMANEC were included in our systematic review. During a median follow-up of 8 months (range=2-48 months) the overall survival was 87% and the recurrence rate was 21%. Conclusion: Achievement of complete surgical resection is the mainstay of the therapeutic management. Additionally, the stage of the disease and the histopathological mapping of these tumors affect decision-making for adjuvant chemotherapy and seem to define the prognostic course of each patient.

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Neuroendocrine neoplasm of the gallbladder: Clinical features, surgical efficacy, and prognosis

Hong

et al. 2023

Cancer Medicine

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Background Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) of the gallbladder is rare. It is usually asymptomatic and occurs in older adults. Its clinicopathological characteristics remain controversial, and the diagnosis and treatment strategies are usually based on models of adenocarcinoma. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of gallbladder NEN. Methods The data of patients with gallbladder NEN admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital was reviewed, and a database was established for retrospective analysis. Clinicopathological features were analyzed descriptively and the prognosis was studied according to different factors. The Kaplan–Meier curve was used to describe the cumulative survival rate. Results In total, 22 patients with gallbladder NEN were included in this study. There were 10 male (45.5%) and 12 female (54.5%) patients with a median age of onset of NEN at 57.5 (49.0, 62.3) years. Abdominal discomfort was the most common symptom. Twenty patients (90.9%) underwent surgery, and two patients (9.1%) with unresectable lesions underwent a biopsy. Twenty‐one patients were followed up. The 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year cumulative overall survival rates of all patients and patients with resectable lesions were 65.9%, 54.9%, and 48.1%, and 72.9%, 60.7%, and 53.1%, respectively. Patients with resectable lesions had a better cumulative overall survival rate than those who with unresectable lesions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Gallbladder NEN is more common in the elderly and has a slight female predominance. The most common symptom is abdominal discomfort. Surgery is the first choice of treatment for this rare disease. The prognosis of gallbladder NEN is generally poor. Patients with resectable lesions have a better prognosis.

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Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Step Beyond Palliative Therapy, Experience of 25 Cases

Abstract: In carefully selected patients of GB NECs, downsizing with NACT facilitates radical resection with negative margins.

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

<p>Clinical Analysis of 15 Cases of Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Comparison with Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Using a Propensity Score Matching</p>

<p>Clinical Analysis of 15 Cases of Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Comparison with Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Using a Propensity Score Matching</p>

Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma (MANEC) of the Gallbladder: A Systematic Review of Outcomes Following Surgical Management

Neuroendocrine neoplasm of the gallbladder: Clinical features, surgical efficacy, and prognosis

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