Neurocognitive elements of antisocial behavior: Relevance of an orbitofrontal cortex account

Séguin, Jean R.

doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00273-2

Cited by 74 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…Given the observed effect of PEMCS on the thickness of the OFC and its known role in social behavior (Raine et al, 2000;Adolphs, 2001;Seguin, 2004), we examined the possible relationship between this brain measure and the Caring score in each of the four subgroups (ie exposed and non-exposed male and female adolescents). We observed significant negative correlation between the two measures in exposed females only (left OFC: F(1,76) ¼ 7.5, p ¼ 0.008; right OFC: F(1,77) ¼ 3.8, p ¼ 0.06); Fo1.0 in all other groups); in this group, thickness of the left OFC explained 9% of the variance in Caring.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Toro

Leonard

Lerner

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

130

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Smoking during pregnancy is associated with long-term consequences on offspring behavior. We measured thickness of the cerebral cortex using magnetic resonance images obtained in 155 adolescents exposed in utero to maternal smoking and compared them with 159 non-exposed subjects matched by maternal education. Orbitofrontal, middle frontal, and parahippocampal cortices were thinner in exposed, as compared with non-exposed, individuals; these differences were more pronounced in female adolescents. In exposed females, the thickness of the orbitofrontal cortex correlated negatively with a self-rated assessment of caring, one of the components of a model of positive youth development. These findings provide evidence of the long-term impact of prenatal environment on a neural substrate of cognition and social behavior.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Toro

Leonard

Lerner

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recently, the prefrontal cortex, more specifically the orbitofrontal region, has been assigned an important role in the inhibitory control of behavior, mainly impulsive and aggressive behavior (Blair 2001;Seguin 2004;Spinella 2004;Kheramin et al 2005). The infralimbic area has been involved more in anxiety-like effects and cognitive functions such as attention and memory than in aggressive behavior (Wall and Messier 2002;Dalley et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-HT1B receptors, ventral orbitofrontal cortex, and aggressive behavior in mice

et al. 2006

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“…Neural networks involved in social rewards also have been heavily researched (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Of particular interest to us is the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which is known to be reliably involved in social reward evaluation and decision making processes (15,17,19,(28)(29)(30)(31). But despite the substantial neuropsychology and psychiatry literature pointing to the importance of the prefrontal cortex and the OFC in social recognition and interaction (19, 21-25, 32, 33), ours are among the first experiments informing the OFC's role in perceiving and evaluating threats of sanctions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural responses to sanction threats in two-party economic exchange

Xiao²,

Houser

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Sanctions are used ubiquitously to enforce obedience to social norms. However, recent field studies and laboratory experiments have demonstrated that cooperation is sometimes reduced when incentives meant to promote prosocial decisions are added to the environment. Although various explanations for this effect have been suggested, the neural foundations of the effect have not been fully explored. Using a modified trust game, we found that trustees reciprocate relatively less when facing sanction threats, and that the presence of sanctions significantly reduces trustee's brain activities involved in social reward valuation [in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), lateral orbitofrontal cortex, and amygdala] while it simultaneously increases brain activities in the parietal cortex, which has been implicated in rational decision making. Moreover, we found that neural activity in a trustee's VMPFC area predicts her future level of cooperation under both sanction and no-sanction conditions, and that this predictive activity can be dynamically modulated by the presence of a sanction threat.cooperation ͉ neuroimaging ͉ perception shift ͉ punishment ͉ social norms S anctions are ubiquitous in modern human societies (1). The purpose of sanctions is to enforce norm obedience beyond the level that humans might achieve in the absence of punishment (2-4). However several recent field studies and laboratory experiments have established that adding monetary sanctions to an environment can reduce cooperation (5-7). Substantial speculation has arisen surrounding the source of this counterintuitive effect, including the possibility that the presence of sanctions might change individuals' perceptions of the environment, thus crowding out internal motivations for cooperation (5-8). The imposition of sanctions also might be perceived as a signal of distrust (9-11) and might create a hostile atmosphere (12, 13), leading to decreased cooperation.Previous behavioral experiments have sought to distinguish these competing explanations. For example, a recent study (5) reported data from an experiment aimed at determining the relative importance of intentions and incentives in producing noncooperative behavior. Participants played a one-shot investment experiment in pairs. Investors sent a certain amount to trustees, requested a return on that investment, and, in some treatments, could threaten sanctions to enforce their requests. Decisions by trustees facing threats imposed (or not) by investors were compared with decisions by trustees facing threats imposed (or not) by nature. The main finding was that when not threatened, trustees typically decided to return a positive amount less than the investor requested, but when threatened, that decision was less common. This result is the same whether the sanction is imposed by a human investor or by nature, suggesting that the detrimental effect of sanctions on cooperation might not hinge specifically on trustees' perceptions of investor intentions.

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Neurocognitive elements of antisocial behavior: Relevance of an orbitofrontal cortex account

Cited by 74 publications

References 166 publications

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and the Adolescent Cerebral Cortex

5-HT1B receptors, ventral orbitofrontal cortex, and aggressive behavior in mice

Neural responses to sanction threats in two-party economic exchange

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