Neurocognitive effects of methylphenidate in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Turner, Danielle C.; Blackwell, Andrew D.; Dowson, J. H.; McLean, Andrew N.; Sahakian, Barbara J.

doi:10.1007/s00213-004-1993-5

Cited by 109 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 80 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With regard to prospective memory, a difference between patient groups of medium size was only revealed by the planning task, supporting the notion that in particular measures related to attention/executive functions are sensitive to the effects of MPH on cognition of patients with ADHD. This notion is also supported by findings of previous research showing that pharmacological treatment with MPH resulted in substantial improvements of attention and planning skills of adults with ADHD (Coghill et al, 2013;Tucha, Prell, et al, 2006;Turner et al, 2005). It still remains unsolved why considerably smaller effects were found on measures of memory as compared to measures of attention/executive functions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…A large number of studies on adults with ADHD reported positive effects of MPH on several aspects of cognition, including alertness, vigilance, selective attention, divided attention, working memory, response inhibition, and flexibility (Aron, Dowson, Sahakian, & Robbins, 2003;Coghill et al, 2013;O. Tucha, Mecklinger et al, 2006, L. Tucha et al, 2011Turner, Blackwell, Dowson, McLean, & Sahakian, 2005). However, considerably less evidence exists presenting the effects of MPH on memory functions of adults with ADHD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of methylphenidate on memory functions of adults with ADHD

Fuermaier

Tucha

Koerts

et al. 2016

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methylphenidate on memory functions of adults with ADHD

Fuermaier

Tucha

Koerts

et al. 2016

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Consistent with this, drugs used to treat ADHD, including psychostimulants, SNRIs and a 2 -receptor agonists, improve an array of PFCdependent processes (Chamberlain et al, 2007;Diamond, 2005;Mehta et al, 2001;Turner et al, 2005). Neurochemically, low and clinically relevant doses of MPH preferentially increase extracellular levels of NE and DA within the PFC relative to other cortical and subcortical regions (for review, Berridge and Devilbiss, 2011).…”

Section: The Pharmacology Of Adhd: Preferential Targeting Of the Pfcmentioning

confidence: 96%

Neurocircuitry Underlying the Preferential Sensitivity of Prefrontal Catecholamines to Low-Dose Psychostimulants

Schmeichel

Berridge

2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low doses of psychostimulants, including methylphenidate (MPH), are highly effective in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). At these doses, psychostimulants improve prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent function. Recent evidence indicates that low and clinically relevant doses of psychostimulants target norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) signaling preferentially in the PFC. To better understand the neural mechanisms responsible for the regional selectivity of low-dose psychostimulant action, it is important to first identify the underlying neurocircuitry. The current study used reverse microdialysis to test the hypothesis that the preferential targeting of PFC catecholamines by low-dose psychostimulants involves direct action within the PFC, reflecting an intrinsic property of this region. For these studies, the effects of varying concentrations of MPH (0.25, 1.0, and 4.0 mM) on NE and DA efflux were examined within the PFC and select subcortical fields in unanesthetized rats. Low concentrations of MPH elicited significantly larger increases in extracellular levels of NE and DA in the PFC than in subcortical regions linked to motor-activating and arousal-promoting actions of psychostimulants (nucleus accumbens and medial septal area, respectively). The differential action of MPH across regions disappeared at higher concentrations. The enhanced sensitivity of PFC catecholamines to low and clinically relevant doses of psychostimulants, at least in part, reflects a unique sensitivity of this region to NE/DA transporter blockade. Available evidence suggests that the increased sensitivity of PFC catecholamines likely involves DA clearance through the NE transporter within the PFC.

show abstract

“…Although psychostimulant medications have been shown to improve working memory (Turner, Blackwell, Dowson, McLean, & Sahakian, 2005), medical treatments for ADHD may cause negative side effects and can lead to prescription medication abuse (Advokat, 2010;DavisBerman & Pestello, 2010;Janusis & Weyandt, 2010). Furthermore, improvements in working memory associated with medications are likely to depend on medication levels, disappearing when medication levels drop between doses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%