Neurochemical Characterization of Zinc Transporter 3-Like Immunoreactive (ZnT3+) Neurons in the Intramural Ganglia of the Porcine Duodenum

Wojtkiewicz, Joanna; Gonkowski, Sławomir; Równiak, Maciej; Crayton, Robert; Majewski, Mariusz; Jałyński, M.

doi:10.1007/s12031-012-9855-9

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The obtained results are in agreement with previous studies, where numerous ZnT3-positive neurons have been described in other fragments of porcine digestive tract (Wojtkiewicz et al 2012a, b). Nonetheless, exact functions of ZnT3 in the enteric nervous system remain unknown.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Zinc Transporter 3 (Znt3) as an Active Substance in the Enteric Nervous System of the Porcine Esophagus

Wojtkiewicz¹,

Makowska

Bejer-Oleńska³

et al. 2016

J Mol Neurosci

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Zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3), a member of the SLC 30 zinc transporter family, is involved in the transport of zinc ions from the cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles or intracellular organelles. The aim of the present study was to investigate for the first time the percentage of ZnT3-like immunoreactive (ZnT3-LI) neurons in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the porcine esophagus and denotation of their neurochemical coding. Routine double- and triple-immunofluorescence labeling of cervical, thoracic, and abdominal fragments of esophagus for ZnT3 with protein gene product (PGP 9.5; used as pan-neuronal marker), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and galanin (GAL) was performed. The percentage of ZnT3-LI neurons in myenteric ganglia amounted to 50.2 ± 4.7, 63.4 ± 8.3, and 77.1 ± 1.1 % of all PGP 9.5-like immunoreactive neuronal cells in cervical, thoracic, and abdominal esophagus, respectively. In submucous ganglia, these values in particular parts of esophagus amounted to 46.3 ± 6.3, 81.0 ± 8.1, and 74.4 ± 4.4 %. Znt3 co-localized mainly with VAChT, NPY, GAL, NOS, and VIP, but the degree of co-localization depended on the “kind” of enteric ganglia and part of esophagus studied. The obtained results suggest that both ZnT3 and zinc ions may play important and various roles in the neuronal regulation of esophageal functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Zinc Transporter 3 (Znt3) as an Active Substance in the Enteric Nervous System of the Porcine Esophagus

Wojtkiewicz¹,

Makowska

Bejer-Oleńska³

et al. 2016

J Mol Neurosci

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“…In the present investigation, CART-like immunoreactive neurons was observed in the MP of the porcine transverse colon, what is in accordance with previous studies, where expression of CART was noted in different parts of the GI tract in various species [13,28]. The presence of CART in the nerve structures populations studied were observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Co-localisation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the myenteric plexus of the porcine transverse colon

Palus

Rytel

2013

Folia Morphol

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Cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) is a substance, which can play the role of neuromediator and/or neuromodulator in nerve structures within the gastrointestinal tract. However knowledge concerning its functions and co-localisation with other neuronal factors is rather scarce. During the present investigation the co-localisation of CART and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the neurons of meyenteric plexus within the porcine transverse colon was studied using double immunofluorescence technique and semiquantitative arbitrary scale of the frequency of presence CART+/VIP+, CART+/VIP-and CART-/VIP+ neuronal cells. The most often (+++) CART-/VIP+ neurons were encountered, neurons simultaneously immunoreactive to CART and (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 4: 328-332)

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“…After at least two weeks, the fragments of liver were frozen at −23 °C and cut into 10 μm-thick sections using a microtome (Microm, HM 525, Walldorf, Germany). The sections were subjected to a routine double-labeling immunofluorescence technique according to the method described previously by Gonkowski [ 38 , 40 ] and Wojtkiewicz [ 74 , 75 ]. A condensed description of the method is as follows: 45 min of drying; incubation with a blocking solution, which included 10% normal goat serum, 0.1% bovine serum albumin, 0.01% NaN 3 , Triton X−100, and thimerozal in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 1 h; overnight incubation with a mixture of two “primary” antibodies raised in different species and directed towards vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), and one of the aforementioned substances i.e., CART, substance P, CGRP, GAL, or PACAP; incubation (for 1 h) with species-specific antisera conjugated to Fluorescein (FITC) or biotin, which was visualized by a streptavidin-CY3 complex (the specification of intravenous primary and secondary antibodies used in the present study is shown in Table 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol A Causes Liver Damage and Selectively Alters the Neurochemical Coding of Intrahepatic Parasympathetic Nerves in Juvenile Porcine Models under Physiological Conditions

Thoene

Rytel

Dzika

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is an extremely common polymer that is used in typical everyday products throughout the world, especially in food and beverage containers. Within the last ten years, it has been found that the BPA monomer tends to leach into foodstuffs, and nanogram concentrations of it may cause a variety of deleterious health effects. These health problems are very evident in developing children and in young adults. The aim of this study was to expose developing pigs to dietary BPA at both legally acceptable and ten-fold higher levels. Livers that had been exposed to BPA showed vacuolar degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, vascular congestion and glycogen depletion that increased with exposure levels. Furthermore, the livers of these models were then examined for irregularities and double-labeled immunofluorescence was used to check the innervated hepatic samples for varying neuronal expression of selected neuronal markers in the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS). It was found that both the PSNS and all of the neuronal markers showed increased expression, with some of them being significant even at recommended safe exposure levels. The implications are quite serious since these effects have been observed at recommended safe levels with expression increasing in-line with exposure levels. The increased neuronal markers studied here have been previously correlated with behavioral/psychological disorders of children and young adults, as well as with childhood obesity and diabetes. However, further research must be performed in order to develop a mechanism for the above-mentioned correlations.

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Neurochemical Characterization of Zinc Transporter 3-Like Immunoreactive (ZnT3+) Neurons in the Intramural Ganglia of the Porcine Duodenum

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

Zinc Transporter 3 (Znt3) as an Active Substance in the Enteric Nervous System of the Porcine Esophagus

Zinc Transporter 3 (Znt3) as an Active Substance in the Enteric Nervous System of the Porcine Esophagus

Co-localisation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the myenteric plexus of the porcine transverse colon

Bisphenol A Causes Liver Damage and Selectively Alters the Neurochemical Coding of Intrahepatic Parasympathetic Nerves in Juvenile Porcine Models under Physiological Conditions

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