Neurobiology of vitamin C: Expanding the focus from antioxidant to endogenous neuromodulator

Ballaz, Santiago; Rebec, George V.

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104321

Cited by 76 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 298 publications

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“…High tissue levels of ascorbate provide substantial antioxidant protection where free radicals are encountered [52,53]. Because of its protective role versus oxidation, vitamin C deficiency in the brain may cause oxidative stress and neurodegeneration, related to the high oxygen demand of brain structures [65]. Vitamin E prevents the propagation of a chain reaction of lipid oxidation that could especially affect polyunsaturated fatty acids in the membrane, including in neuronal structures [66].…”

Section: Riboflavin Vitamin C Iron Magnesium and Zinc And Oxidativmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence

et al. 2020

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Vitamins and minerals are essential to humans as they play essential roles in a variety of basic metabolic pathways that support fundamental cellular functions. In particular, their involvement in energy-yielding metabolism, DNA synthesis, oxygen transport, and neuronal functions makes them critical for brain and muscular function. These, in turn, translate into effects on cognitive and psychological processes, including mental and physical fatigue. This review is focused on B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B8, B9 and B12), vitamin C, iron, magnesium and zinc, which have recognized roles in these outcomes. It summarizes the biochemical bases and actions of these micronutrients at both the molecular and cellular levels and connects them with cognitive and psychological symptoms, as well as manifestations of fatigue that may occur when status or supplies of these micronutrients are not adequate.

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Section: Riboflavin Vitamin C Iron Magnesium and Zinc And Oxidativmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several components of the nervous system are modulated by the concentrations in ascorbate (vitamin C), including neurotransmitter receptors and brain cellular structures (such as glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons) and the synthesis of glial cells and myelin [65,87].…”

Section: Vitamins and Minerals Are Involved In Neuronal Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence

et al. 2020

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“…AA reaches the highest concentration in the brain . As an important endogenous antioxidant, SS is considered to be neuroprotective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,[23][24][25] AA reaches the highest concentration in the brain. 12 As an important endogenous antioxidant, SS is considered to be neuroprotective. Based on these findings, researchers have attempted to investigate the therapeutic effects of AA during tinnitus, which might result from the abnormal generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after noise exposure and other etiologies; 26,27 however, the results have been controversial and the mechanism has not been revealed.…”

Section: Effects Of Lidocaine On Ss-induced Single-unit Ac Neuron Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ascorbic acid (AA) is widely distributed in the central nervous system and has been found to be involved in both physiological and pathological processes in the brain. 12 AA was found to positively modulate inflamm-aging and immunosenescence, two hallmarks of biological aging. 13 AA treatment prior to noise exposure had also been shown to play a protective role for auditory function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salicylate increased ascorbic acid levels and neuronal activity in the rat auditory cortex

Duan

Zhang

2019

Pediatric Investigation

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Importance Clinical observations have implied a central origin for tinnitus and potential therapeutic effects of ascorbic acid (AA); however, the detailed mechanisms remain undetermined. Objective To investigate changes in the AA levels and neural activity in the auditory cortex (AC) during salicylate‐induced tinnitus. Methods Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) saline group, which received an intraperitoneal saline injection; (2) SS group, which received an intraperitoneal sodium salicylate (SS) injection (350 mg/kg); and (3) SS+Lido group, which received an intraperitoneal SS injection (350 mg/kg) and lidocaine delivered to the AC by microdialysis. For each group, we firstly used an in vivo microdialysis technique to investigate the concentrations of AA in the AC; and secondly, we recorded the neural activity in the AC using a single‐unit recording technique. Results The AA concentration in the SS group significantly increased after SS injection, whereas that of the saline group did not change. The AA concentration in the SS+Lido group also showed an increasing trend but was significantly lower than that in the SS group. In the electrophysiological study, the spontaneous firing rate of the SS group was significantly higher than that of the saline group. In addition, the proportion of short interval discharges was also higher in the SS group than in the saline group. Both differences were reversed by lidocaine treatment. Interpretation Our data suggest that the elevation of AA levels in the AC may be related to increased neuronal activity, which may represent the mechanism underlying salicylate‐induced tinnitus.

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Insight into Iron Leaching from an Ascorbate‐Oxidase‐like Fe−N−C Nanozyme and Oxygen Reduction Selectivity**

et al. 2023

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Ascorbate (H 2 A) is a well-known antioxidant to protect cellular components from free radical damage and has also emerged as a pro-oxidant in cancer therapies. However, such "contradictory" mechanisms underlying H 2 A oxidation are not well understood. Herein, we report Fe leaching during catalytic H 2 A oxidation using an FeÀ NÀ C nanozyme as a ferritin mimic and its influence on the selectivity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Owing to the heterogeneity, the Fe-N x sites in FeÀ NÀ C primarily catalyzed H 2 A oxidation and 4 e À ORR via an iron-oxo intermediate. Nonetheless, trace O 2 *À produced by marginal NÀ C sites through 2 e À ORR accumulated and attacked Fe-N x sites, leading to the linear leakage of unstable Fe ions up to 420 ppb when the H 2 A concentration increased to 2 mM. As a result, a substantial fraction (ca. 40 %) of the NÀ C sites on FeÀ NÀ C were activated, and a new 2 + 2 e À ORR path was finally enabled, along with Fentontype H 2 A oxidation. Consequently, after Fe ions diffused into the bulk solution, the ORR at the NÀ C sites stopped at H 2 O 2 production, which was the origin of the pro-oxidant effect of H 2 A.

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Neurobiology of vitamin C: Expanding the focus from antioxidant to endogenous neuromodulator

Cited by 76 publications

References 298 publications

Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence

Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence

Salicylate increased ascorbic acid levels and neuronal activity in the rat auditory cortex

Insight into Iron Leaching from an Ascorbate‐Oxidase‐like Fe−N−C Nanozyme and Oxygen Reduction Selectivity**

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