Neurobiology of Falls: Neuroimaging Assessment

Rosso, Andrea; Nadkarni, Neelesh K.; Rosano, Caterina

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24233-6_10

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Cognitive impairment, including deficits in attention, executive function, and information processing speed, has been found to increase the risk of falls ( Montero-Odasso and Camicioli, 2020 ; Le Floch et al, 2021 ; Edwards et al, 2023 ). Neuroimaging studies have revealed changes in brain networks, such as the fronto-parietal and subcortical networks, that are associated with both physical and cognitive function and are implicated in age-related falls ( Rosso et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ). Specifically, alterations in the structural integrity, vascular characteristics, and functional activity of the central nervous system have been identified as potential contributors to falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive neuromodulation in reducing the risk of falls and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults: systematic review

Bueno,

do Bomfim,

Campos

et al. 2024

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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IntroductionNeuromodulation is a non-invasive technique that allows for the modulation of cortical excitability and can produce changes in neuronal plasticity. Its application has recently been associated with the improvement of the motor pattern in older adults individuals with sequelae from neurological conditions.ObjectiveTo highlight the effects of non-invasive neuromodulation on the risk of falls and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsSystematic review conducted in accordance with the items of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Searches were carried out in electronic databases: CENTRAL, Clinical Trials, LILACS, PEDro, PubMed, Web of Science, between 13/06/2020 and 20/09/2023, including all indexed texts without language and publication date restrictions, randomized controlled clinical trials, which presented as their main outcome non-invasive neuromodulation for reducing the fear of falling and risk of falls in the older adults, regardless of gender.ResultsAn extensive search identified 9 eligible studies for qualitative synthesis from 8,168 potential articles. Rigorous filtering through automated tools, title/abstract screening, and full-text evaluation ensured a focused and relevant selection for further analysis. Most studies (80%) used transcranial direct current electrical stimulation as an intervention, over the motor cortex or cerebellum area, with anodal current and monopolar electrode placement. The intensity ranged from 1.2 mA to 2 mA, with a duration of 20 min (80%). The profile of the research participants was predominantly individuals over 65 years old (80%), with a high risk of falls (60%) and a minority reporting a fear of falling (40%). The outcomes were favorable for the use of neuromodulation for the risk of falls in the older adults, through improvements in static and dynamic balance.ConclusionThe results may have limited applicability to direct outcomes related to the risk of falls, in addition to evidence regarding the difference or lack thereof in applicability between genders, fallers and non-fallers, as well as older adults individuals with low and high fear of falling.Systematic review registrationThe protocol for this review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) to obtain the identification of ongoing research (ID: 222429).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive neuromodulation in reducing the risk of falls and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults: systematic review

Bueno,

do Bomfim,

Campos

et al. 2024

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Modern neuroimaging methods allow one to assess not only the structural integrity of components of the central nervous system (CNS) but also its vascular, functional and molecular characteristics. These advances in neuroimaging help one understand the early and subtle age-related CNS disorders in more detail (Rosso, Nadkarni, & Rosano, 2020). Sullivan's (2015) position can be perceived as final on the relevance of neuroscientific studies on cognitive processes of the psyche.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology as an Interdisciplinary Science in the System of Natural Sciences

Bilyk

Dimitrova

2022

BRAIN

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The presence of neurobiology as an interdisciplinary science in the system of natural sciences has become the basis for the development of the academic discipline "Fundamentals of Modern Neurobiology" as a component of the natural science training of future psychologists in higher education institutions. The main aim of the article is to structure the above-mentioned discipline to deepen and systematize the natural science knowledge previously mastered by psychology students to modern ideas about the physiological mechanisms of mental activity and human behavior, the causes of occurrence and the neural mechanisms of the main psychopathologies. To this end, one has achieved a number of partial results: a) the analysis of modern neurobiological sources has made it possible to determine the main areas of neurobiology as an interdisciplinary science in the system of the natural disciplines; b) one has justified the expediency of using interdisciplinary links when structuring the course on fundamentals of modern neurobiology; c) one has selected the three most promising areas of neurobiological research relevant to structuring the course on fundamentals of modern neurobiology. It has allowed one to design an integrative academic discipline "Fundamentals of modern neurobiology", which, combining three interdependent and interconnected modules, namely: "Neurobiological essence of human connection with the environment", "Cognitive neurobiology and modern ideas about the higher nervous activity of a person", "neurobiological changes and mechanisms of dysfunctions of the nervous system, higher nervous activity and sensory systems ", - will contribute to the effective implementation of the transformation of the content of natural science training of future psychologists, taking into account current trends in the present and the current state of development of neurobiological sciences.

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“…Recent studies with neuroimaging of the fronto-parietal and subcortical brain networks have shown that "barely visible" age or pathological changes in the human brain are directly correlated with changes in the higher nervous system (Rosso et al, 2020). Such changes can be detected in parallel in the early stages and with the help of psychodiagnostics, and with the help of current methods of neuroimaging.…”

Section: Neurobiological Aspects Of Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Practice of Natural Science Training in Higher Education Institutions in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic: Neurobiological Aspects of Psychology

Bilyk

Honcharuk²,

Rozhi³

et al. 2022

BRAIN

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The article examines the program principles and subject content of natural science training of future psychologists in Central Europe (Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic). The choice of these countries for the study is due to the fact that despite short period of membership in the European Union, the countries achieved a significant progress in developing national education systems. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends in natural science training of future psychologists and their correlation with the latest ideas of neurobiology, which is gradually becoming complementary to psychological, pedagogical and other humanities. Using methods of analysis (content analysis of educational programs; analysis of educational content for accordance with the latest advances in neurobiology), comparative method, statistical methods and extrapolation method, it was found that natural science training in universities in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic partially corresponds to practical application of neurobiology in the professional practice of psychologists. We present specific aspects of qualitative differences in the conclusions. We also calculated that the quantitative ratio of major subjects differs: the volume of credits for natural science training of future psychologists in the curricula of the analysed higher education institutions in Poland is about 6%, in the Czech Republic - 9-10%, and in Hungary - 11-12%. The international significance of the article lies in identification of positive practical and formal approaches to neurobiological training, which requires organizational and methodological reforms of psychological education in Eastern Europe.

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Neurobiology of Falls: Neuroimaging Assessment

Cited by 4 publications

References 119 publications

Non-invasive neuromodulation in reducing the risk of falls and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults: systematic review

Non-invasive neuromodulation in reducing the risk of falls and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults: systematic review

Neurobiology as an Interdisciplinary Science in the System of Natural Sciences

Contemporary Practice of Natural Science Training in Higher Education Institutions in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic: Neurobiological Aspects of Psychology

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