Neurobehavioral Effects of Chronic Occupational Exposure to Organic Solvents Among Japanese Industrial Painters

Kishi, Reiko; Hayashi, Izumi; Katakura, Yoko; Ikeda, Toshiko; Miyake, Hirotsugu

doi:10.1006/enrs.1993.1115

Cited by 54 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The author counted that 13 out of 21 studies showed significant solvent related effects in digit span tests. Similar to our results studies have shown worse performances in chronic solvent exposed workers than in controls, but the differences were not significant [26][27][28] . Also in this study, workers with high exposure show the worst results in digit span, but the differences in comparison to the other subgroups are not significant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Longitudinal Study to Explore Chronic Neuropsychologic Effects on Solvent Exposed Workers

Ihrig

Dietz

Bader³

et al. 2005

Ind Health

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Aim: The aim of the study was to examine possible neurotoxic effects on the central nervous system (CNS) in relation to a chronic solvent exposure at the workplace. Method: The collective included 127 workers exposed to solvent mixtures, such as spray painters and printers. They were examined twice by means of a physical examination, neuropsychological testbattery, biological and air monitoring. Results: Major component of the solvents were white spirits in concentrations up to 127 ppm in air and 2,666 µg/l in blood. Single substances were mainly toluene and xylenes in concentrations below current threshold values at the workplace. During the 2 yr interval, the concentrations of solvents decreased, and no significant associations between the neuropsychological tests and the solvent exposure were found. Regarding the whole working history of each participant, we found a significant reduction on information processing velocity and performance in the trailmaking test, as well as more complaints of workers with higher solvent exposure in the past. Conclusions: A slight increase of subjective complaints and a deteriorated power of concentration seems to be associated with chronic solvent exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Longitudinal Study to Explore Chronic Neuropsychologic Effects on Solvent Exposed Workers

Ihrig

Dietz

Bader³

et al. 2005

Ind Health

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“…Toluene also causes memory impairment in humans, an increased tendency to sleep, frequent headaches, and eye irritation [44]. Paint workers, who are chronically exposed to solvents such as toluene, often complain of dizziness, depression, and fatigue [45,46]. Brain magnetic resonance imaging shows cerebral and hippocampal atrophy as well as a loss in brain volume in toluene/solvent abusers [47][48][49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nigella sativa and Derived Thymoquinone Prevents Hippocampal Neurodegeneration After Chronic Toluene Exposure in Rats

Kanter

2007

Neurochem Res

105

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The aim of this study was designed to investigate the possible beneficial effects of Nigella sativa (NS) and derived thymoquinone (TQ) on neurodegeneration in hippocampus after chronic toluene exposure in rats. The rats were randomly allotted into one of four experimental groups: A (control), B (toluene treated), C (toluene treated with NS) and D (toluene treated with TQ); each group contain 10 animals. Toluene treatment was performed by inhalation of 3,000 ppm toluene, in a 8 h/day and 6 day/week order for 12 weeks. Control group received 1 ml serum physiologic and the rats in NS and TQ treated groups (C and D) were given NS (in a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight) and TQ (50 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally by using intra gastric intubation for 12 weeks starting just after toluene exposure respectively. Tissue samples were obtained for histopathological investigation. To date, no histopathological changes of neurodegeneration in hippocampus after chronic toluene exposure in rats by NS and TQ treatment have been reported. In this study, chronic toluene exposure caused severe degenerative changes, shrunken cytoplasma, slightly dilated cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum, markedly swollen mitochondria with degenerated cristae and nuclear membrane breakdown with chromatin disorganization in neurons of the hippocampus. The distorted nerve cells were mainly absent in the TQ and NS-treated rats. We conclude that TQ and especially NS therapy causes morphologic improvement on neurodegeneration in hippocampus after chronic toluene exposure in rats. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of NS and TQ may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment on neurodegeneration after chronic toluene exposure in rats.

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“…There is considerable evidence that long term occupational exposure to mixed organic solvents can cause a wide range of chronic central nervous system abnormalities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Behavioral manifestations of such damage include an increase in psychiatric symptoms, reported memory and concentration difficulties, and impairment of cognitive functioning as demonstrated by performance on neurobehavioral tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral Changes of Shipyard Painters Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents

et al. 2005

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Abstracts: This study was conducted to evaluate neurobehavioral changes arising from occupational exposure to organic solvents among shipyard painters and to establish whether a dose-effect relation existed where there was any observed impairment of neurobehavioral performance by running the test of Simple Reaction Time (SRT), Symbol Digit Substitution (SD), and Finger Tapping Speed (FT) with a computer-assisted neurobehavioral test battery. The study group consisted of 180 shipyard painters and 60 reference workers. The workers answered a self-administered questionnaire on occupational, medical history, and demographic characteristics including age, work duration, education level, and quantity and frequency of alcohol and smoking, and performed three psychometric tests on the Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral tests. To estimate cumulative exposure level, samples of ambient air on 61 painters were analyzed using a gas chromatograph. Shipyard painters and the reference group showed significant differences in the results of test of SD, FT of dominant hand, and FT of non-dominant hand. The test results of SD of shipyard painters also showed significant difference by duration of work. This suggests that occupational exposure of organic solvent could induce neurobehavioral changes in the shipyard painters. Therefore an objective neurobehavioral test is recommended on evaluating neurobehavioral performance of longterm solvent-exposed shipyard workers.

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Neurobehavioral Effects of Chronic Occupational Exposure to Organic Solvents Among Japanese Industrial Painters

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

Longitudinal Study to Explore Chronic Neuropsychologic Effects on Solvent Exposed Workers

Longitudinal Study to Explore Chronic Neuropsychologic Effects on Solvent Exposed Workers

Nigella sativa and Derived Thymoquinone Prevents Hippocampal Neurodegeneration After Chronic Toluene Exposure in Rats

Neurobehavioral Changes of Shipyard Painters Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents

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