Neurobehavioral and health-related deficits in solvent-exposed painters

Grosch, James W.; Neale, Anne Victoria; Demers, Raymond Y.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199611)30:5<623::aid-ajim11>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There is considerable evidence that long term occupational exposure to mixed organic solvents can cause a wide range of chronic central nervous system abnormalities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Behavioral manifestations of such damage include an increase in psychiatric symptoms, reported memory and concentration difficulties, and impairment of cognitive functioning as demonstrated by performance on neurobehavioral tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral Changes of Shipyard Painters Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents

et al. 2005

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Abstracts: This study was conducted to evaluate neurobehavioral changes arising from occupational exposure to organic solvents among shipyard painters and to establish whether a dose-effect relation existed where there was any observed impairment of neurobehavioral performance by running the test of Simple Reaction Time (SRT), Symbol Digit Substitution (SD), and Finger Tapping Speed (FT) with a computer-assisted neurobehavioral test battery. The study group consisted of 180 shipyard painters and 60 reference workers. The workers answered a self-administered questionnaire on occupational, medical history, and demographic characteristics including age, work duration, education level, and quantity and frequency of alcohol and smoking, and performed three psychometric tests on the Korean Computerized Neurobehavioral tests. To estimate cumulative exposure level, samples of ambient air on 61 painters were analyzed using a gas chromatograph. Shipyard painters and the reference group showed significant differences in the results of test of SD, FT of dominant hand, and FT of non-dominant hand. The test results of SD of shipyard painters also showed significant difference by duration of work. This suggests that occupational exposure of organic solvent could induce neurobehavioral changes in the shipyard painters. Therefore an objective neurobehavioral test is recommended on evaluating neurobehavioral performance of longterm solvent-exposed shipyard workers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral Changes of Shipyard Painters Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents

et al. 2005

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“…Gregersen et al (1984), examining 65 workers exposed chronically to a solvent mixtures (excluding paint) reported symptoms of intellectual impairment, poorer performances in psychological tests, and signs of cerebral asthenopia, without detectable peripheral neuropathy. Investigatio n of 133 solvent-exposed workers indicated reduced performance on the symbol digit learning and vocabulary tasks (Grosch et al, 1996), although higher than normal lead levels were detected in blood serum. Gupta et al (1990) examined 45 electrical industry workers exposed chronically to xylene and toluene, and reported deficits in short-and long-term memory, visual intelligence and memory, and psychomotor ability.…”

Section: Effects Of Chronic Hydrocarbon Exposures On Human Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Neurotoxicity Risk of Selected Hydrocarbon Fuels

Ritchie¹

2001

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

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Over 1.3 million civilian and military personnel are occupationally exposed to hydrocarbon fuels, emphasizing gasoline, jet fuel, diesel fuel, or kerosene. These exposures may occur acutely or chronically to raw fuel, vapor, aerosol, or fuel combustion exhaust by dermal, respiratory inhalation, or oral ingestion routes, and commonly occur concurrently with exposure to other chemicals and stressors. Hydrocarbon fuels are complex mixtures of 150-260+ aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds containing varying concentrations of potential neurotoxicants including benzene, n-hexane, toluene, xylenes, naphthalene, and certain n-C9-C12 fractions (n-propylbenzene, trimethylbenzene isomers). Due to their natural petroleum base, the chemical composition of different hydrocarbon fuels is not defined, and the fuels are classified according to broad performance criteria such as flash and boiling points, complicating toxicological comparisons. While hydrocarbon fuel exposures occur typically at concentrations below permissible exposure limits for their constituent chemicals, it is unknown whether additive or synergistic interactions may result in unpredicted neurotoxicity. The inclusion of up to six performance additives in existing fuel formulations presents additional neurotoxicity challenge. Additionally, exposures to hydrocarbon fuels, typically with minimal respiratory or dermal protection, range from weekly fueling of personal automobiles to waist-deep immersion of personnel in raw fuel during maintenance of aircraft fuel tanks. Occupational exposures may occur on a near daily basis for from several months to over 20 yr. A number of published studies have reported acute or persisting neurotoxic effects from acute, subchronic, or chronic exposure of humans or animals to hydrocarbon fuels, or to certain constituent chemicals of these fuels. This review summarizes human and animal studies of hydrocarbon fuel-induced neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral consequences. It is hoped that this review will support ongoing attempts to review and possibly revise exposure standards for hydrocarbon fuels.

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“…Impairments in cognition and vision have been observed, as have mood changes Grosch et al, 1996;Pauling et al, 1996;Morrow et al, 1997;Tsai et al, 1997;Daniell et al, 1999;Condray et al, 2000;Morrow et al, 2000;Bowler et al, 2001;Klaassen, 2001;Bockelmann et al, 2002;Kilburn, 2002;Morrow et al, 2002;Rosenberg et al, 2002;Fiedler et al, 2003;Reif et al, 2003;Ichihara et al, 2004;Wood et al, 2005). The cognitive sequelae observed following mixed organic solvent exposures included diminished performance on measures of memory, attention/executive function, and motor skills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The few studies examining adult occupational exposures to PCE alone have produced mixed results. Some studies found diminished performance on measures of attention/executive function (TOXICS, 1994;Grosch et al, 1996), while other studies have not found any adverse neurological effects (Grosch et al, 1996;Daniell et al, 1999). All studies that examined visuospatial abilities have found a diminished performance associated with PCE exposure (TOXICS, 1994;Echeverria et al, 1995;Daniell et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult neuropsychological performance following prenatal and early postnatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water

Janulewicz¹,

White

Martin

et al. 2013

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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This population-based retrospective cohort study examined adult performance on a battery of neuropsychological tests in relation to prenatal and early postnatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Subjects were identified through birth records from 1969 through 1983. Exposure was modeled using pipe network information from town water departments, a PCE leaching and transport algorithm, EPANet water flow modeling software, and a Geographic Information System (GIS). Results of crude and multivariate analyses among 35 exposed and 28 unexposed subjects showed no association between prenatal and early postnatal exposure and decrements on tests that assess abilities in the domains of omnibus intelligence, academic achievement or language. The results were suggestive of an association between prenatal and early postnatal PCE exposure and diminished performance on tests that assessed abilities in the domains of visuospatial functioning, learning and memory, motor, attention and mood. Because the sample size was small, most findings were not statistically significant. Future studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to further define the neuropsychological consequences of early developmental PCE exposure.

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Neurobehavioral and health-related deficits in solvent-exposed painters

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Neurobehavioral Changes of Shipyard Painters Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents

Neurobehavioral Changes of Shipyard Painters Exposed to Mixed Organic Solvents

A Review of the Neurotoxicity Risk of Selected Hydrocarbon Fuels

Adult neuropsychological performance following prenatal and early postnatal exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water

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