Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection

Venkatesan, Sudhir; Myles, Puja R.; Bolton, Kirsty; Muthuri, Stella G.; T, Al Khuwaitir; Anovadiya, Ashish; Azziz‐Baumgartner, Eduardo; Bajjou, Tahar; Bassetti, Matteo; Beović, Bojana; Bertisch, Barbara; Bonmarin, Isabelle; Booy, Robert; Vh, Borja-Aburto; Burgmann, Heinz; Cao, Bingzhen; Carratalà, Jordi; Chinbayar, Tserendorj; Cillóniz, Catia; Denholm, Justin T.; Domínguez,; Pad, Duarte; Dubnov‐Raz, Gal; Fanella, Sergio; Gérardin, Patrick; Giannella, Maddalena; Gubbels, Sophie; Herberg, Jethro; Al, Higuera Iglesias; Hoeger, Peter H.; Hu, XY; Islam, QT; Mf, Jiménez; Keijzers, Gerben; Khalili, Hossein; Kusznierz, Gabriela; Kuzman, Ilija; Langenegger, Eduard; Kb, Lankarani; Ys, Leo; Rp, Libster; Linko, Rita; Madanat, Faris; Maltezos, Efstratios; Aa, Mamun; Manabe, Toshie; Metan, Gökhan; Mickienė, Auksė; Mikić, Dragan; Kgi, Mohn; Me, Oliva; Özkan, Mehpare; Parekh, Dhruv; Ba, Rath; Refaey, Samir; Ah, Rodríguez; Sertoğullarından, Bünyamin; Skręt-Magierło, Joanna; Somer, Ayper; Talarek, Ewa; Jw, Tang; K, To; Tran, Dat; Tm, Uyeki; Vaudry, Wendy; Vidmar, Tjasa; Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S.

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiz152

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Currently, neuraminidase inhibitors (e. g., oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir) are well established in clinical practice for use in patients with influenza infection, but no randomized-controlled trial (RCT) of has been completed to confirm the efficacy of these antivirals in hospitalized patients. The data of several prospective observational studies and meta-analysis indicate that neuraminidase inhibitor therapy at the time of hospitalization reduces both the length of hospitalization and the related mortality [30,31]. The main problem with neuraminidase inhibitors like oseltamivir, however, is the need for early treatment.…”

Section: Antiviralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia

Liapikou

Cillóniz

Palomeque

et al. 2019

Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs

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Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia is the most common infection leading to hospitalization and death in all age groups, especially in elderly populations. Increasing antibiotic resistance among the common bacterial pathogens associated with community-acquired pneumonia, especially Streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococci, has made its empirical treatment increasingly problematic, highlighting the need for effective antibiotic therapy. Areas covered: We searched PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov for English-language reports of phase III clinical trials conducted between 2000 and 2019 concerning the antibiotic treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. We provide a summary of the latest approved drugs for this indication and highlight emerging drugs with a potential indication. Expert opinion: Ceftaroline (a new cephalosporine) and omadacycline (a cycline alternative), either parenterally or orally, are the only two new antibiotics to have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the last five years. Among the antimicrobials in development, Lefamulin (the first pleuromutilin), is currently in phase III development. Among the known antibiotic classes, solithromycin (a macrolide), nemonoxacin (a quinolone), and delafloxacin and zabofloxacin (both fluoroquinolones), have been studied in phase II and III in clinical trials. The availability of these new antibiotics may offer opportunities to improve the empirical treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.

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Section: Antiviralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia

Liapikou

Cillóniz

Palomeque

et al. 2019

Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs

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“…It is also important to note that managed care plans are capitated and may include Medicare/Medicaid dual beneficiaries. As NAIs have been shown to reduce LOS and several specific inpatient cost drivers [ 40 , 41 ], their use could have an important impact on economic outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and Outcomes of Hospitalization for Influenza: Real-World Evidence from the United States Medicare Population

Bolge

Kariburyo²,

Yüce

et al. 2020

Infect Dis Ther

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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of initial hospitalization and describe the outcomes of high-risk patients hospitalized with influenza. Methods: Data were taken from the 5% national US Medicare database from 2012 to 2015. Patients (aged at least 13 years) were required to have at least one diagnosis for influenza and have continuous health plan enrollment for 6 months before (baseline) and 3 months (follow-up) after the date of influenza diagnosis. Patients who died during follow-up were included. Patients were categorized as initially hospitalized if hospitalized within 0-1 day of diagnosis. High-risk initially hospitalized patients were defined as patients aged at least 65 years or those that had a diagnostic code for chronic lung disease, cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, or weakened immune system during baseline period. Logistic regression models were developed to determine predictors of initial hospitalization. Results: The study population included 8127 high-risk patients who were initially hospitalized and 16,784 who were not hospitalized. Among high-risk patients, 89.3% were diagnosed in the emergency room, whereas 7.5% and 3.2% were diagnosed in a physician's office or other Medicare settings, respectively. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, older age, being male, other comorbidities, number of comorbidities, and baseline healthcare resource use were the predictors of hospitalization. Median length of stay for the hospitalization was 5.0 days, and the 30-day readmission rate was 14%. All-cause mortality rate was 5.1% during the inpatient stay and 9.2% within 30 days of diagnosis. Hospitalized patients with influenza incurred an increase of $16,568 per patient in total all-cause healthcare costs from pre-influenza to post-influenza diagnosis. Conclusion: The study characterized the burden of hospitalization for influenza and found that hospitalized high-risk patients experience greater comorbidity burden, higher likelihood of multiple inpatient admissions, and costly Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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“…Greater reductions in length of stay were seen for pregnant women and obese patients (by 39 percent and 27 percent, respectively). 125 Antivirals should be particularly considered for unimmunised or recently immunised contacts who are at high risk of severe disease. When used to limit the size of an institutional outbreak, antiviral drugs are usually given for a period of two weeks after immunisation or until one week after the end of the outbreak.…”

Section: Antiviral Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaksine: Kanylelengde og teknikk må vurderes ut fra personens overarm

Eskeland¹

2021

Sykepleien

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The Ministry would especially like to acknowledge the work of Mary Nowlan, the Handbook medical writer. IMMUNISATION HANDBOOK 2020 vii Contents Foreword iii The Immunisation Handbook Advisory Group v Acknowledgements vi Main sources xix Books xix New Zealand epidemiology data xix Commonly used abbreviations xx Glossary of vaccine brand names and abbreviations xxiii Introduction Changes to the Handbook in 2020 and 2021 The National Immunisation Schedule Changes to the National Immunisation Schedule in 2020 and 2021 2020 changes to extended immunisation programme for special groups Eligibility for publicly funded vaccines Notifiable diseases 1 General immunisation principles 12 1.1 Immunity and immunisation 1.2 From personal protection to community (herd) immunity 1.3 The importance of immunisation coverage 1.4 Classification of vaccines 1.5 Vaccine ingredients 1.6 Safety monitoring of vaccines in New Zealand References 2 Processes for safe immunisation 2.1 Pre-vaccination 2.2 Vaccine administration 2.3 Post-vaccination References 3 Vaccination questions and addressing concerns 3.1 Some commonly asked questions 3.2 Addressing myths and concerns about immunisation 3.3 Addressing immunisation issues in a constantly changing environment References viii IMMUNISATION HANDBOOK 2020 4 Immunisation of special groups 4.1 Pregnancy and lactation 4.2 Infants with special immunisation considerations from birth 4.3 Immunocompromised individuals 4.4 Chronic kidney disease 4.5 Chronic liver disease 4.6 Other special groups 4.7 Immigrants and refugees 4.8 Occupation-related vaccination 4.9 Travel References 5 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Key information 5.1 Virology 5.2 Clinical features 5.3 Epidemiology 5.4 Vaccines 5.5 Recommended immunisation schedule 5.6 Contraindications and precautions 5.7 Potential responses and AEFIs 5.8 Public health measures 5.9 Variations from the vaccine data sheet References 6 Diphtheria Key information 6.1 Bacteriology 6.2 Clinical features 6.3 Epidemiology 6.4 Vaccines 6.5 Recommended immunisation schedule 6.6 Contraindications and precautions 6.7 Potential responses and AEFIs 6.8 Public health measures 6.9 Variations from the vaccine data sheets References 7 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease Key information 7.1 Bacteriology 7.2 Clinical features 7.3 Epidemiology 7.4 Vaccines 7.5 Recommended immunisation schedule 7.6 Contraindications and precautions IMMUNISATION HANDBOOK 2020 ix 7.7 Potential responses and AEFIs 7.8 Public health measures 7.9 Variations from the vaccine data sheets References 8 Hepatitis A 185 Key information 8.1 Virology 8.2 Clinical features 8.3 Epidemiology 8.4 Vaccines 8.5 Recommended immunisation schedule 8.6 Contraindications and precautions 8.7 Potential responses and AEFIs 8.8 Public health measures 8.9 Variations from the vaccine data sheets References 9 Hepatitis B Key information 9.1 Virology 9.2 Clinical features 9.3 Epidemiology 9.4 Vaccines 9.5 Recommended immunisation schedule 9.6 Contraindications and precautions 9.7 Potential responses and AEFIs 9.8 Pu...

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Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Emerging antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia

Emerging antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia

Predictors and Outcomes of Hospitalization for Influenza: Real-World Evidence from the United States Medicare Population

Vaksine: Kanylelengde og teknikk må vurderes ut fra personens overarm

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