Neural Representation in Visual Word Form Area during Word Reading

Neural representation of phonological information during Chinese character reading

“…Results showed that the left MFG defined by three different ways, bilateral FFG, left ITG, and left MTG still showed significant correlations between neural DSM and rating‐based phonological DSM (all p s < .05; see Table 3 and Figure S4 ). Second, to examine the contribution of the left MFG to phonological processing of Chinese characters, we calculated partial correlations after controlling for the nDSM in the left IFG, a region that has been repeatedly reported in word reading (Dong et al, 2020 ; Jana et al, 2019 ; Kim et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Tan et al, 2005 ; Tham et al, 2005; Wu et al, 2012), speech production (Basilakos et al, 2018 ; Flinker et al, 2015 ; Long et al, 2016 ; Mugler et al, 2018 ), and working memory (Basilakos et al, 2018 ; Ekert et al, 2021 ). Results showed that the left MFG defined based on the localizer task ( r = .0155, p = .028), Harvard–Oxford atlas ( r = .0172, p = .0163), and literature ( r = .0210, p = .0053) still showed significant correlations between nDSM and rating‐based phonological DSM.…”

“…Phonological processing (i.e., transforming the visual forms of written words into sounds) is one of key components of reading (Coltheart et al, 2001 ; Harm & Seidenberg, 2004 ). Numerous neuroimaging studies have examined the neural basis of phonological processing in reading by using various reading tasks, such as rhyme judgment (Aparicio et al, 2007 ; Booth et al, 2004 ; Dębska et al, 2019 ; Kim et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2009 , 2018 ; Mathur et al, 2020 ; Pillay et al, 2014 ; Tan et al, 2003 ; Yen et al, 2019 ), homophone judgment (Chuchu et al, 2018 ; Gitelman et al, 2005 ; Matsuo et al, 2010 ; Siok et al, 2003 ; Tham et al, 2005 ; Yang & Tan, 2019 ), initial consonant judgment (Lee et al, 2012 ; Siok et al, 2003 ), phonological decision (Emmorey et al, 2016 ; Hartwigsen et al, 2010 ; Liebig et al, 2017 ), silent reading (Cheema et al, 2018 ; Cullum et al, 2019 ; Hartwigsen et al, 2010 ; Kumar & Padakannaya, 2019 ; Lu et al, 2021 ; Osipowicz et al, 2011 ; Qu et al, 2019 ; Wan et al, 2017 ), and overt naming tasks (Al et al, 2020 ; Berken et al, 2015 ; Binder et al, 2005 ; Brumberg et al, 2016 ; Dietz et al, 2005 ; Dong et al, 2020 , 2021 ; Graves et al, 2010 ; Mechelli et al, 2007 ). Researchers have observed consistent activation in language‐related brain areas in the left inferior frontal gyrus, left temporoparietal cortex, and left lateral temporal cortex.…”

Event-related brain potential markers of visual and auditory perception: A useful tool for brain computer interface systems

“…According to solid neuroimaging literature, orthographic stimuli such as words and letter strings would be preferentially processed by a specialized area of the left infero-temporal cortex named the visual word form area (VWFA) ( McCandliss et al, 2004 ; Lu et al, 2021 ). Its electromagnetic manifestation would be a negative and left-sided component peaking at about 170 ms over the occipitotemporal scalp area.…”