Neural Correlates of Stress- and Food Cue–Induced Food Craving in Obesity

Jastreboff, Ania M.; Sinha, Rajita; Lacadie, Cheryl; Small, Dana M.; Sherwin, Robert S.; Potenza, Marc N.

doi:10.2337/dc12-1112

Cited by 169 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Whereas some prior studies have found a significant MRI signal change in the hypothalamus to food vs. nonfood cues (13,(43)(44)(45), others have not (46)(47)(48). Inconsistent findings could be due to variations in study design, differences in participant characteristics, and/or variations in image acquisition, which may be important in the hypothalamus, a small region that is affected by signal loss due to magnetic susceptibility artifacts in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differential effects of fructose versus glucose on brain and appetitive responses to food cues and decisions for food rewards

Luo

Monterosso

Sarpelleh

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Prior studies suggest that fructose compared with glucose may be a weaker suppressor of appetite, and neuroimaging research shows that food cues trigger greater brain reward responses in a fasted relative to a fed state. We sought to determine the effects of ingesting fructose versus glucose on brain, hormone, and appetitive responses to food cues and food-approach behavior. Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions with ingestion of either fructose or glucose in a double-blinded, random-order cross-over design. fMRI was performed while participants viewed images of high-calorie foods and nonfood items using a block design. After each block, participants rated hunger and desire for food. Participants also performed a decision task in which they chose between immediate food rewards and delayed monetary bonuses. Hormones were measured at baseline and 30 and 60 min after drink ingestion. Ingestion of fructose relative to glucose resulted in smaller increases in plasma insulin levels and greater brain reactivity to food cues in the visual cortex (in whole-brain analysis) and left orbital frontal cortex (in region-of-interest analysis). Parallel to the neuroimaging findings, fructose versus glucose led to greater hunger and desire for food and a greater willingness to give up long-term monetary rewards to obtain immediate highcalorie foods. These findings suggest that ingestion of fructose relative to glucose results in greater activation of brain regions involved in attention and reward processing and may promote feeding behavior.fructose | glucose | fMRI | food cue | decision making O besity is a major public health problem, and increases in the consumption of fructose as a sweetener may be an important contributor to the current obesity epidemic (1). Fructose and glucose are both monosaccharides with the same number of calories, but they are metabolized differently. In the glycolytic pathway, glucose metabolism is regulated through feedback inhibition by the end products ATP and citrate, but fructose bypasses the main regulatory step, catalyzed by phosphofructokinase (2). Whereas glucose is the main circulating sugar in the blood, the majority of fructose is extracted from the bloodstream into the liver, where unregulated fructose metabolism can lead to increased lipogenesis (3). Similarly, unregulated fructose metabolism in the hypothalamus may lead to rapid depletion of hypothalamic ATP and consequently to increased food intake (4). Moreover, unlike glucose, fructose does not stimulate the secretion of insulin (5), a hormone that signals the brain to increase satiety and to blunt the reward value of food (6, 7). These unique properties of fructose versus glucose may help explain their differential effects on brain appetite pathways (4,8). The central administration of fructose was shown to decrease hypothalamic satiety signaling and increase feeding in animals, whereas glucose increased satiety signaling and reduced food intake (4). Likewise, the hypothala...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differential effects of fructose versus glucose on brain and appetitive responses to food cues and decisions for food rewards

Luo

Monterosso

Sarpelleh

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In response to this, new databases of food images (of standardised luminosity, complexity and known calorie content) are becoming available with the hope of facilitating comparability across appetite neuroimaging studies (25). Conversely, some modern experimental paradigms have tried to account for the heterogeneity in personal food-cue reactivity by tailoring the stimuli used to elicit appetitive neuronal responses to pre-assessed personal preferences (26).…”

Section: A Word About Reproducibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The use of functional MRI to study the endocrinology of appetite

Salem¹,

Dhillo²

2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

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In the present review article, we summarise current thinking about the neuroendocrinology of appetite and feeding behaviour. We discuss how the homeostatic control of energy balance, wherein the hypothalamus orchestrates food intake and energy expenditure in response to peripheral signals about nutritional status, can be easily overridden by the powerful reward value of food. We focus on how functional magnetic resonance imaging has shed light on our understanding of the way hormones can interact with the brain to modulate appetite.

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“…been used previously to elicit anxiety, food craving, and relaxation through the vivid remembrance of stressful, craving-related, and neutral/relaxing scenarios (Hommer et al, 2013;Jastreboff et al, 2013;Seo et al, 2014). Two scripts each were developed for stress, favorite-food, and neutral/relaxing conditions using the Scene Development Questionnaire (Sinha, 2013) and audiotaped in a female voice for presentation in the scanner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The guided-imagery fMRI procedure, in which personal experiences are recalled and developed into scripts to be recorded and played back in the scanner, is validated and has been used in both adults and adolescents (Hommer et al, 2013;Jastreboff et al, 2013;Sinha, 2013). To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and the neural correlates of personally salient appetitive, aversive, and neutral/relaxing cues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Trauma and Neural Responses to Personalized Stress, Favorite-Food and Neutral-Relaxing Cues in Adolescents

Elsey

Coates

Lacadie

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Previous studies have found childhood trauma to be associated with functional and structural abnormalities in corticostriatal-limbic brain regions, which may explain the associations between trauma and negative mental and physical health outcomes. However, functional neuroimaging of maltreatment-related trauma has been limited by largely using generic and predominantly aversive stimuli. Personalized stress, favorite-food, and neutral/relaxing cues during functional magnetic resonance imaging were used to probe the neural correlates of emotional/motivational states in adolescents with varying exposure to maltreatment-related trauma. Sixty-four adolescents were stratified into high-or low-trauma-exposed groups. Cue-related measures of subjective anxiety and craving were collected. Relative to the low-trauma-exposed group, high-trauma-exposed adolescents displayed an increased activation of insula, anterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortex in response to stress cues. Activation in subcortical structures, including the hippocampus, was inversely correlated with subjective anxiety in the high-but not the low-trauma-exposed group. The high-trauma-exposed group displayed hypoactivity of cerebellar regions in response to neutral/relaxing cues. No group differences were observed in response to favorite-food cues. The relationship between trauma exposure and altered cortico-limbic circuitry may in part explain the association between childhood trauma and heightened vulnerability to emotional disturbances and risky behaviour. This may be particularly pertinent during adolescence when such difficulties often emerge. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanism linking trauma to obesity.

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Neural Correlates of Stress- and Food Cue–Induced Food Craving in Obesity

Cited by 169 publications

References 50 publications

Differential effects of fructose versus glucose on brain and appetitive responses to food cues and decisions for food rewards

Differential effects of fructose versus glucose on brain and appetitive responses to food cues and decisions for food rewards

IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The use of functional MRI to study the endocrinology of appetite

Childhood Trauma and Neural Responses to Personalized Stress, Favorite-Food and Neutral-Relaxing Cues in Adolescents

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