2015
DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0716
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IMAGING IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The use of functional MRI to study the endocrinology of appetite

Abstract: In the present review article, we summarise current thinking about the neuroendocrinology of appetite and feeding behaviour. We discuss how the homeostatic control of energy balance, wherein the hypothalamus orchestrates food intake and energy expenditure in response to peripheral signals about nutritional status, can be easily overridden by the powerful reward value of food. We focus on how functional magnetic resonance imaging has shed light on our understanding of the way hormones can interact with the brai… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(10 citation statements)
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References 73 publications
(68 reference statements)
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“…Our findings are also distinct from those of other studies, using the same antibody, reporting that there were no GLP-1 receptors in the parietal cortex of non-human primates [10]. Although we did not see changes in the hypothalamus in response to food cues while participants were taking liraglutide, this may be due to the limitations of MRI, due partly to the size of this structure and partly to its proximity to the sinuses, which creates artefacts [18]. As far as identification of GLP-1 in the human brain, Drucker and Asa described in 1988 GLP-1 (also known as GCG ) mRNA-positive neurons in the region of dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve in the medulla oblongata [19].…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Our findings are also distinct from those of other studies, using the same antibody, reporting that there were no GLP-1 receptors in the parietal cortex of non-human primates [10]. Although we did not see changes in the hypothalamus in response to food cues while participants were taking liraglutide, this may be due to the limitations of MRI, due partly to the size of this structure and partly to its proximity to the sinuses, which creates artefacts [18]. As far as identification of GLP-1 in the human brain, Drucker and Asa described in 1988 GLP-1 (also known as GCG ) mRNA-positive neurons in the region of dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve in the medulla oblongata [19].…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 99%
“…This may be due to differences in terms of control of eating between rodents and humans; in the latter the homeostatic control of eating is often overridden by more complex cortical systems regulating the rewarding value of food [18]. This may also be a limitation of fMRI in general, as the hypothalamus is difficult to detect with typical fMRI measures due in part to its small size and in part to its proximity to the sinuses, which create artefacts [18]. …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Human functional neuroimaging studies converge with animal studies in identifying subcortical and cortical brain structures that are involved in the control of eating. Typically, these studies localize regions that respond differently to food and non-food stimuli, to hunger and satiety, and in obese and normal-weight women (Morris and Dolan, 2001;Wang et al, 2004;Small and Prescott, 2005;Stoeckel et al, 2008;Schur et al, 2009;Salem and Dhillo, 2015). Both animal and human receptor expression studies suggest that reproductive hormones may affect the function of these regions.…”
Section: Central Mechanismsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…12 Correspondingly, distinct MRI approaches have been used to demonstrate abnormalities in obesity for both the brain's macrostructure (eg, cortical thickness and regional volume) 14,15 and functionality. [16][17][18] For example, functional MRI (fMRI) studies in adults with obesity suggest a disrupted hypothalamic response to glucose ingestion characterized by an attenuated response after glucose intake. 19,20 It is unknown if children with obesity present the same response pattern to glucose ingestion.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%