Neural correlates of memory encoding and recognition for own-race and other-race faces in an associative-memory task

Herzmann, Grit; Minor, Greta; Adkins, Makenzie

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.10.028

Cited by 25 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Less neural activity correlated with better memory performance for own-race than other-race faces. Recently, we replicated this finding of more efficient memory encoding for own-race faces (Herzmann et al, 2017).…”

Section: Neural Correlates Of the Other-race Effect On Face Memorymentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Old/new effects for other-race faces were localized over frontal and central areas and extended in time up to 1,200 ms poststimulus, suggesting that cognitive control and postretrieval monitoring strategies were engaged when recognizing these faces (Cruse & Wilding, 2009;Ranganath & Paller, 2000). The difference in the spatial distribution of the old/new effects for own-race and other-race faces was replicated recently (Herzmann et al, 2017). In the present study, we manipulated encoding conditions to test two possible underlying mechanisms of the other-race effect: attention allocation and holistic processing.…”

Section: Neural Correlates Of the Other-race Effect On Face Memorymentioning

confidence: 78%

“…People are better at learning and recognizing faces of their own race than of a different race. Recently, we identified some of the neural correlates of the other-race effect on memory encoding and retrieval (Herzmann, Minor, & Adkins, 2017;Herzmann, Willenbockel, Tanaka, & Curran, 2011). In these studies, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) measured during the study phase and test phase of a recognition memory experiment, allowing for the selective investigation of the influence of face race on memory encoding and memory retrieval processes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these studies, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) measured during the study phase and test phase of a recognition memory experiment, allowing for the selective investigation of the influence of face race on memory encoding and memory retrieval processes. In these studies (Herzmann et al, 2017;, memory encoding and retrieval processes were shown to preferentially facilitate memory for own-race faces (see Neural Correlates of the Other-Race Effect on Face Memory section). In the present two experiments, we tested if these enhancements for own-race faces were due to two suggested mechanisms contributing to the other-race effect: attention allocation (see Attention Allocation and the Other-Race Effect section) and holistic processing (see Holistic Processing and the Other-Race Effect section).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neural evidence for the contribution of holistic processing but not attention allocation to the other-race effect on face memory

Herzmann

Minor

Curran

2018

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Multiple mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to the other-race effect on face memory, the phenomenon of better memory performance for own-race than other-race faces. Here, two of these mechanisms, increased attention allocation and greater holistic processing during memory encoding for own-race than other-race faces, were tested in two separate experiments. In these experiments event-related potentials were measured during study (the difference due to memory, Dm) and test phase (old/new effects) to examine brain activation related to memory encoding and retrieval, allowing for selective investigations of these memory sub-processes. In Experiment 1, participants studied own-race (Caucasian) and other-race (Chinese) faces under focused or divided attention. In Experiment 2, participants studied own-race (Caucasian) and other-race (African American) faces presented upright or upside down (i.e., inverted). Both experiments showed decreases in memory performance when attention allocation or holistic processing was reduced, but these effects were similar for own-race and other-race faces. Manipulations of holistic processing, but not attention allocation, influenced the neural other-race effects during memory encoding. Inverted own-race faces showed similar neural patterns as upright other-race faces, indicating that when holistic processing of own-race faces was reduced, these faces were encoded similarly as upright other-race faces. No influences of the experimental manipulations on other-race effects during memory retrieval were found. The present study provides the first neural evidence that increased holistic processing during memory encoding contributes to the other-race effect on face memory.

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Section: Neural Correlates Of the Other-race Effect On Face Memorymentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Neural Correlates Of the Other-race Effect On Face Memorymentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural evidence for the contribution of holistic processing but not attention allocation to the other-race effect on face memory

Herzmann

Minor

Curran

2018

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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“…Tahap terakhir ini terjadi proses verfikasi pada proses berpikir kreatif. Ingatan terdiri dari struktur informasi yang terorganisasi dan proses penelusuran bergerak secara hirarkhis, dari informasi yang paling umum dan inklusif ke informasi yang paling umum dan rinci, sampai informasi yang diinginkan diperoleh (Herzmann, Minor, & Adkins, 2016).…”

Section: Proses Berpikir Kreatif Hasil Dari Pemprosesan Informasiunclassified

Creative Thinking: Reviewed From Information Processing Model (Ipm) for Primary School Teachers

Atmojo¹,

Sajidan²,

Winarno³

et al. 2018

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<em><span>Memory is a structured system and causes organisms to be able to record facts and use knowledge to guide their behavior. Memory is also said to be a tool that serves to capture, process and use it when needed. Memory takes place through three processes, namely encoding, storage, and retrieval. The brain works through the information process by processing information through sensory stimulation and storing it into memory and involving thinking activities. Increasing the potential for creative thinking, the incoming stimulus is determined by personal situational factors. The purpose of this literature study is to find out that creative thinking is the result of information processing that occurs in human memory. The results of this literature study show that situational factors that are external or attention getter and prominent characteristics such as visual movements, novelty, clarity (fluency), new and extraordinary stimuli attract attention so that they can influence positive perception that goes into short-term memory. Through thinking activities, one's ideas and concepts developed through the process of relationships between the parts of information stored in him. Thinking is done to understand reality in order to make decisions (decision making), problem-solving (problem-solving) and produce new ones (creativity).</span></em>

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Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification

Lee

Penrod

2022

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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The current research conducted a three-level meta-analysis with a total of 159 journal articles on the other-race bias in facial identification, which had been published between 1969 and 2021. The effect size analysis yielded moderate pooled effect sizes of the other-race bias on face identification-people showed higher hit rates and discriminability, lower false alarm rates, and more stringent criteria for own-race faces than for other-race faces. Results from the sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis also supported the robustness of the other-race bias. In moderation analyses, participant race (White vs. non-White) and retention interval between the study and test phases produced stable moderating effects on estimates of the otherrace bias. Despite an increase in racial diversity for decades in our society, the current meta-analysis still demonstrated robust effects of the other-race bias in facial identification, replicating findings from the previous meta-analyses.

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Neural correlates of memory encoding and recognition for own-race and other-race faces in an associative-memory task

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Neural evidence for the contribution of holistic processing but not attention allocation to the other-race effect on face memory

Neural evidence for the contribution of holistic processing but not attention allocation to the other-race effect on face memory

Creative Thinking: Reviewed From Information Processing Model (Ipm) for Primary School Teachers

Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification

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