Network homogeneity reveals decreased integrity of default-mode network in ADHD

Uddin, Lucina Q.; Kelly, Clare; Biswal, Bharat B.; Margulies, Daniel S.; Shehzad, Zarrar; Shaw, David M.; Ghaffari, Manely; Rotrosen, John; Adler, Lenard A.; Castellanos, F. Xavier; Milham, Michael P.

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.11.031

Cited by 403 publications

(333 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These findings have been supported by some (Dickstein et al 2006;Rubia 2011;Cubillo et al 2012) but not all studies of functional connectivity (Tian et al 2006;Uddin et al 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Double-dissociation between the mechanism leading to impulsivity and inattention in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A resting-state functional connectivity study

Sanefuji

Craig

Parlatini

et al. 2017

Cortex

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Two core symptoms characterize Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes: inattentiveness and hyperactivity-impulsivity. While previous brain imaging research investigated ADHD as if it was a homogenous condition, its two core symptoms may originate from different brain mechanisms. We, therefore, hypothesized that the functional connectivity of cortico-striatal and attentional networks would be different between ADHD subtypes. We studied 165 children (mean age 10.93 years; age range, 7-17 year old) diagnosed as having ADHD based on their revised Conner's rating scale score and 170 typical developing individuals (mean age 11.46 years; age range, 7-17 year old) using resting state functional fMRI. Groups were matched for age, IQ and head motion during the MRI acquisition. We fractionated the ADHD group into predominantly inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined subtypes based on their revised Conner's rating scale score. We then analyzed differences in resting state functional connectivity of the cortico-striatal and attentional networks between these subtypes. We found a double dissociation of functional connectivity in the cortico-striatal and ventral attentional networks, reflecting the subtypes of the ADHD participants. Particularly, the hyperactive-impulsive subtype was associated with increased connectivity in cortico-striatal network, whereas the inattentive subtype was associated with increased connectivity in the right ventral attention network. Our study demonstrated for the first time a right lateralized, double dissociation between specific networks associated with hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness in ADHD children, providing a biological M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 basis for exploring symptom dimensions and revealing potential targets for more personalized treatments.

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“…These findings have been supported by some (Dickstein et al 2006;Rubia 2011;Cubillo et al 2012) but not all studies of functional connectivity (Tian et al 2006;Uddin et al 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Double-dissociation between the mechanism leading to impulsivity and inattention in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A resting-state functional connectivity study

Sanefuji

Craig

Parlatini

et al. 2017

Cortex

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“…The field has produced inconsistent results in this regard. While most studies have reported reduced DMN connectivity [37,38,44,62], hyperconnectivity has also been observed [40,41] (and one study found hyperconnectivity for some regions and hypoconnectivity for others within the DMN [65]. These inconsistencies may be due to differences between studies in analysis techniques used or sample characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method builds on the graph theoretical analysis approach in that it uses an anatomical atlas based on an a priori parcellation scheme to form the networks of interest and is not limited to a single seed region [43][44][45]. The use of several key regions instead of one seed to describe brain networks, enables a more comprehensive and reliable examination of the intrinsic intra-and inter-network organization [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered intrinsic organisation of brain networks implicated in attentional processes in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a resting-state study of attention, default mode and salience network connectivity

Sidlauskaite

Sonuga‐Barke

Roeyers

et al. 2015

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Deficits in task-related attentional engagement in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been hypothesized to be due to altered interrelationships between attention, default mode and salience networks. We examined the intrinsic connectivity during rest within and between these networks. Six minutes resting state scans were obtained. Using a network-based approach, connectivity within and between the dorsal and ventral attention, the default mode and the salience networks was compared between the ADHD and control group.The ADHD group displayed hyperconnectivity between the two attention networks and within the default mode and ventral attention network. The salience network was hypoconnected to the dorsal attention network. There were trends towards hyperconnectivity within the dorsal attention network and between the salience and ventral attention network in ADHD.Connectivity within and between other networks was unrelated to ADHD. Our findings highlight the altered connectivity within and between attention networks, and between them and the salience network in ADHD. One hypothesis to be tested in future studies is that individuals with ADHD are affected by an imbalance between ventral and dorsal attention systems with the former playing a dominant role during task engagement making individuals with ADHD highly susceptible to distraction by salient task-irrelevant stimuli.

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“…This may underlie performance deficits in the task stateFattentional lapses and the periodic long RTs that characterize the performance of individuals with ADHD when they perform a task. Uddin et al (2008) also study the DMN in the same sample of adults with ADHD and found that, compared to controls, network homogeneity was lower for one region (the precuneus). This was interpreted as abnormal function of a highly integrative structure with connections to many cortical (eg, anterior cingulate gyrus) and subcortical (eg, striatum) brain regions implicated in ADHD.…”

Section: Theoretical Approach and Empirical Tests In The Adhd Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Understanding the Effects of Stimulant Medications on Cognition in Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Decade of Progress

Swanson

Baler

Volkow

2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

212

165

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The use of stimulant drugs for the treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most widespread pharmacological interventions in child psychiatry and behavioral pediatrics. This treatment is well grounded on controlled studies showing efficacy of low oral doses of methylphenidate and amphetamine in reducing the behavioral symptoms of the disorder as reported by parents and teachers, both for the cognitive (inattention and impulsivity) and noncognitive (hyperactivity) domains. Our main aim is to review the objectively measured cognitive effects that accompany the subjectively assessed clinical responses to stimulant medications. Recently, methods from the cognitive neurosciences have been used to provide information about brain processes that underlie the cognitive deficits of ADHD and the cognitive effects of stimulant medications. We will review some key findings from the recent literature, and then offer interpretations of the progress that has been made over the past decade in understanding the cognitive effects of stimulant medication on individuals with ADHD. Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews (2011) 36, 207-226; doi:10.1038/npp.2010; published online 29 September 2010Keywords: methylphenidate; amphetamine; dopamine; prefrontal cortex; executive function; cognitive enhancement INTRODUCTIONCognitive deficits and behavioral symptoms associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been studied intensively and are well documented in the literature. Stimulant drugs (methylphenidate (MP) and amphetamine (AMP)) are particularly effective for the clinical treatment of ADHD, and accordingly, pediatricians and psychiatrists have been prescribing them for over seven decades (Bradley, 1937). Clear reductions in symptoms justify treatment with stimulant medications (MTA, 1999b), but the cognitive effects are less clear. Here, we will review the current understanding of some underlying neural processes that may account for the ADHD symptoms of inattention and impulsivity, and we will review evidence from neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies about how stimulant medications may affect these processes. To focus our review, we will not revisit related topics that are addressed elsewhere: the medical use of non-stimulant drugs to treat ADHD (Dopheide and Pliszka, 2009;Waxmonsky, 2005), the non-medical use of stimulants and non-stimulants for cognitive enhancement (Sahakian and Morein-Zamir, 2007;Stix, 2009), and nonmedical alternative treatments based on neurofeedback (Gevensleben et al, 2009) and working memory training (Klingberg et al, 2005) that have recently been evaluated and have gained some support in randomized clinical trials.In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association, Version IV (APA, 1994(APA, , 2000, the cognitive symptoms of ADHD are grouped into two domains: inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Currently, nine are specified for inattention (poor attending to details, sustaining attention, lis...

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Network homogeneity reveals decreased integrity of default-mode network in ADHD

Cited by 403 publications

References 29 publications

Double-dissociation between the mechanism leading to impulsivity and inattention in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A resting-state functional connectivity study

Double-dissociation between the mechanism leading to impulsivity and inattention in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A resting-state functional connectivity study

Altered intrinsic organisation of brain networks implicated in attentional processes in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a resting-state study of attention, default mode and salience network connectivity

Understanding the Effects of Stimulant Medications on Cognition in Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Decade of Progress

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