Net energy and ractopamine levels for barrows weighing 70 to 100kg

Gonçalves, Liliane Maria Piano; Kiefer, Charles; Souza, Karina Márcia Ribeiro de; Marçal, Danilo Alves; Abreu, Rodrigo Caetano de; Nieto, Viviane Maria Oliveira dos Santos; Rodrigues, Gabriela Puhl; Alencar, Stephan Alexander da Silva

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20151115

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Feed intake is directly proportional to the energy level of the diets (GONÇALVES et al, 2016); therefore, it was speculated that a diet with energy restriction would promote an increase in feed consumption. However, this was not observed in this study, probably because the animals were able to meet their daily energy requirements without the need to increase their daily feed intake, even with the lower energy density diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

et al. 2022

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This study evaluated chromium supplements and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in the diets of late finishing gilts. Sixty gilts were used, with initial weights of 98.87 ± 0.25 kg and final weights of 122.69 ± 10.97 kg, distributed in a randomized block design with five diets: control; yeast chromium (0.8 ppm); chromium picolinate (0.48 ppm); ractopamine (20 ppm) and energy restriction (reduction of 150 kcal of EM kg-1 of feed), with six replicates and two animals per experimental unit. Feeding diet containing ractopamine enabled better (P<0.05) feed conversion and greater weights of the hot carcass of the gilts. The diet containing ractopamine exhibited a lower (P<0.05) cost of feed per kilogram of gain and higher economic efficiency, when compared to diets containing chromium and energy restriction; these exhibited better outcomes, compared to the control diet. Diets supplemented with chromium and ractopamine resulted in a higher (P<0.05) percentage and quantity of lean meat and a higher rate of carcass bonus, when compared to the control diet and energy restriction. The energy reduction did not harm the gilts’ responses, compared to the control diet. Ractopamine supplementation allowed for a better feed conversion, lower feed cost per kilogram of gain, and a higher economic efficiency index. Supplements of chromium and ractopamine increased the percentage and quantity of lean meat and the bonus index of the carcasses. Therefore, chromium picolinate and chromium yeast are potential substitutes for ractopamine for optimizing the gilts carcass characteristics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

et al. 2022

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“…The observed effects of the treatments on the average daily intake of digestible lysine, net energy, and crude protein were consistent with the responses observed for the average daily feed intake, in which the treatments with lower feed ingestion also resulted in lower nutrient consumption. It is still possible to infer that, even with the reduction of 188 kcal of net energy in the diet with qualitative restriction, the pigs adjusted their daily feed intake according to their energy requirements, a fact proven in studies such as that of GONÇALVES et al (2016), and thus were able to maintaina nutrient intake similar to that of the control group. Even with the reduction in nutrient intake, these treatments did not show a substantial reduction in weight gain; therefore, it is possible to infer that these treatments showed better feed efficiency, as did the animals fed the diet containing ractopamine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium and feed restriction as alternative strategies to ractopamine in finishing pigs

Abreu,

Kiefer,

Nascimento

et al. 2024

Cienc. Rural

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This study evaluated chromium and quantitative and qualitative feed restriction as alternative nutritional strategies to ractopamine in finishing barrows. Fifty barrows, genetically similar, with an initial body weight of 99.0 ± 4.3 kg and a final body weight of 117.2 ± 5.8 kg were used. The animals were distributed in a randomized complete block design with five nutritional treatments (Control; Rac = 10ppm ractopamine; Chromium = 0,8mg chromium yeast; Quality = qualitative restriction, 7.5% less net energy in the diet; Quanti = 15% quantitative reduction in feed supply), with five replicates and two animals per replicate. Chromium supplementation and quantitative feed restriction reduced feed, lysine, net energy, and crude protein intakes (P < 0.05). Chromium, ractopamine, and quantitative restriction improved feed conversion (P < 0.05). Supplementation with chromium and ractopamine and feed restriction did not influence the carcass characteristics of the pigs (P < 0.05). Quantitative feed restriction and supplementation of 0.8mg of chromium yeast are presented as potential alternatives to ractopamine in the diet of finishing pigs.

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A multivariate approach to determine the factors affecting response level of growth, carcass, and meat quality traits in finishing pigs fed ractopamine1

Pompeu¹,

Rodrigues²,

Cavalcanti³

et al. 2017

Journal of Animal Science

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The effect of ractopamine (RAC) supplementation on growth, carcass, and meat quality traits of finishing pigs was studied using a meta-analytical approach. The database was composed of 57 studies published from 2004 to 2016. The dependent variables extracted for the meta-analysis included final BW, ADG, ADFI, feed:gain ratio, HCW, dressing percentage, carcass length, lean yield, back fat thickness, loin muscle area, loin depth, postmortem pH, meat brightness, redness, and yellowness. The studies were grouped by similarity in 3 clusters (C1, C2, and C3) by hierarchical clustering on principle components. The main differences observed between clusters were those of animal initial weight, which increased from C1 through C3. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the data, where studies were assumed as random effect, whereas the total amount of RAC in the diet, cluster, and sex category were considered fixed effects. The interactions between cluster and sex category (barrows, gilts, and mixed sex) and RAC level were also evaluated. Dietary RAC was effective in improving final weight ( < 0.0001), ADG ( < 0.0001), and feed:gain ratio ( < 0.0001) and had a positive effect on HCW ( < 0.0001), lean yield ( = 0.0081), loin muscle area ( = 0.0190), and loin depth ( < 0.0001). In addition, a relatively limited effect on pork quality was observed in the current study. The RAC supplementation was more effective, mainly when pigs started supplementation with higher initial weight, although different responses were observed according to sex category ( < 0.05). There is ample indication that growth and carcass traits could be improved by dietary RAC supplementation. Ractopamine supplementation did not influence the pork quality.

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Net energy and ractopamine levels for barrows weighing 70 to 100kg

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

Chromium and energy restriction as substitutes for ractopamine in finishing gilts diet

Chromium and feed restriction as alternative strategies to ractopamine in finishing pigs

A multivariate approach to determine the factors affecting response level of growth, carcass, and meat quality traits in finishing pigs fed ractopamine1

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