“…In contrast, caterpillars, and presumably other insect larvae such as those of wood-boring beetles, contain high levels of fat and water (Brodmann & Reyer, 1999;Kouřaminská & Adámková, 2016). In addition, insect larvae contain less chitin than adult insects and may be easier to digest (Brodmann & Reyer, 1999;Kouřaminská & Adámková, 2016;Orłowski, Frankiewicz, & Karg, 2017 Marshall & Sinclair, 2015), the larvae of which is a common food source for White-headed Woodpeckers (Lorenz et al, 2016). However, many factors can influence annual survival of such insects (Gray, 2013) and more study is needed before causal links between temperature and individual dietary items in woodpeckers can be elucidated.…”