Nerve Conduction, and Other Reactions in Cassiopea

Mayer, Alfred Goldsborough

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1916.39.4.375

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A first demonstration that circus movement can occur in excitable tissue was provided by Mayer in experiments on the jellyfish Sychomedusa cassiopea (214,215).…”

Section: A From Anatomic To Functional Reentrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Mechanisms of Cardiac Impulse Propagation and Associated Arrhythmias

Kléber

Rudy

2004

Physiological Reviews

931

794

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Propagation of excitation in the heart involves action potential (AP) generation by cardiac cells and its propagation in the multicellular tissue. AP conduction is the outcome of complex interactions between cellular electrical activity, electrical cell-to-cell communication, and the cardiac tissue structure. As shown in this review, strong interactions occur among these determinants of electrical impulse propagation. A special form of conduction that underlies many cardiac arrhythmias involves circulating excitation. In this situation, the curvature of the propagating excitation wavefront and the interaction of the wavefront with the repolarization tail of the preceding wave are additional important determinants of impulse propagation. This review attempts to synthesize results from computer simulations and experimental preparations to define mechanisms and biophysical principles that govern normal and abnormal conduction in the heart.

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“…A first demonstration that circus movement can occur in excitable tissue was provided by Mayer in experiments on the jellyfish Sychomedusa cassiopea (214,215).…”

Section: A From Anatomic To Functional Reentrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Mechanisms of Cardiac Impulse Propagation and Associated Arrhythmias

Kléber

Rudy

2004

Physiological Reviews

931

794

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, endless can mean a nondecremental wave which lasts up to eleven days and for over a million revolutions! (Mayer, 1916) One can reasonably argue that such endlesss waves offer the most reliable values for the speeds of an inherent and conserved calcium action potential mechanism. Table 1 Speeds of action potentials that are largely limited by intracellular mechanisms and may be calcium ones.…”

Section: Speed Invariance In Cnidariamentioning

confidence: 99%

The propagation speeds of calcium action potentials are remarkably invariant

Jaffe

2003

Biology of the Cell

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This paper critically compiles all published cases of established or putative calcium action potentials (or ultrafast calcium waves) where their speeds are known and are not limited by intercellular delays. The 127 cases include data from neurons or nerve nets within systems that range from cnidaria, ctenophores, molluscs, crustaceans, worms, echinoderms and tunicates up to mammalian brains; from muscle cells within organisms that range from Beröe, Cestum, moths, a crab, molluscs, a tunicate, frogs, chick embryos and turtles up to mammalian hearts; from epithelia in cnidaria and tunicates; even from a dinoflagellate and an insectivorous plant as well as reconstituted heart strands. They reveal a restriction to values of about 10-40 cm/sec at 20 degrees C and comparable restrictions at other temperatures. Moreover -unlike the speeds of sodium action potentials -the speeds of calcium ones are unrelated to cell diameter, at least over the available range of about 0.1 to 30 microns. Why do calcium action potentials have such fixed propagation speeds? Perhaps evolution has driven them to be the fastest waves of calcium influx which avoid subsurface poisoning.

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“…umbrella tissue could have a great ecological relevance. Together with the ecophysiological plasticity and very high resilience of Cassiopea medusae to changing environmental factors (Mayer, 1916;Aljbour et al, 2017;Banha et al, 2020;Mammone et al, 2021;Muffett et al, 2022;Tilstra et al, 2022), this high regenerative capacity could have further contributed to the recent invasive success of Cassiopea (Ohdera et al, 2018;Stampar et al, 2020). As injuries are very common in benthic invertebrates (Lindsay, 2010), the high regenerative capacity of Cassiopea could lead to the propagation of originally fragmented umbrella pieces.…”

Section: Ecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete and rapid regeneration of fragments from the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea

et al. 2022

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The upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea increasingly occurs in many (sub-) tropical coastal habitats such as mangrove forests, seagrass meadows, and coral reefs. Its mixotrophic lifestyle and ecophysiological plasticity as well as a high regenerative capacity may be reasons for its success. While the regeneration of umbrella tissue and body structures (i.e. rhopalia and oral arms) was already demonstrated, it remains unclear whether a fully functioning medusa can regenerate from only umbrella tissue. In this study, we thus investigated the regeneration of umbrella fragments over time. We conducted a laboratory experiment for which we used 18 Cassiopea medusae of three different size classes that were cut into two pieces each, one fragment with oral arms and one without. Over a total observation period of 5 weeks, we regularly monitored survival, pulsation behavior, growth and the regeneration pattern of fragments. Findings revealed that 100% of the fragments with oral arms and 88% of the fragments without oral arms survived. Pulsation behavior occurred in all fragments and lasted until the end of the experiment in 94% of all fragments. The umbrella area of fragments without oral arms showed a significantly higher decrease in the first two weeks compared to fragments with oral arms. A complete regeneration of umbrella tissue was observed in all fragments, with and without oral arms alike, and 50% of all fragments even regenerated rhopalia or oral arms as body structures after 33 days. These results suggest an outstanding regenerative capacity of Cassiopea jellyfish after fragmentation. This may contribute to (i) explain the currently observed success of upside-down jellyfish and (ii) extend our knowledge about its regeneration process, which might even act as an asexual reproduction mode in Cassiopea.

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Nerve Conduction, and Other Reactions in Cassiopea

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Basic Mechanisms of Cardiac Impulse Propagation and Associated Arrhythmias

Basic Mechanisms of Cardiac Impulse Propagation and Associated Arrhythmias

The propagation speeds of calcium action potentials are remarkably invariant

Complete and rapid regeneration of fragments from the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea

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