Nephropathia Epidemica and Puumala Virus in Austria

Aberle, Stephan W.; Lehner, Paul J.; Ecker, Michael; Aberle, Judith H.; Arneitz, K.; Khanakah, Gelas; Radda, A.; Radda, I; Popow-Kraupp, T; Kunz, C; Heinz, F

doi:10.1007/s100960050325

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The earlier inferred PUUV phylogenies (1,3,13,19,24,43,45,46,48,49) were obtained using DM methods. Since they are robust they are widely used, but they should be applied with careful validation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, if the master genotype and phenotype have high fitness to the environment, the quasispecies populations might be stable for a long period of time. This is most probably the case for PUUV and other hantaviruses, which have been well adapted to their natural hosts since long ago.Previous publications on PUUV evolution (1,3,13,19,24,43,45,46,48,49) have focused mainly on specific geographical areas, including only a limited number of sequences, and all the phylogenetic analyses have been performed with distant matrix methods. Recently, a substantial set of new complete PUUV S segment sequences became available (references 3 and 13 and our unpublished results).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1): Finland (45,46,48,62), Sweden (24,25,38), Norway (38), Denmark (3), Russia (3,16,48,49,66), Belgium (6,13), Austria (1,5), and Germany (19,43). So far, over 100 partial or complete PUUV sequences have been deposited in GenBank.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Evolution of Puumala Hantavirus

Sironen

Vaheri

Plyusnin

2001

J Virol

113

112

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Puumala virus (PUUV) is a negative-stranded RNA virus in the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. In this study, detailed phylogenetic analysis was performed on 42 complete S segment sequences of PUUV originated from several European countries, Russia, and Japan, the largest set available thus far for hantaviruses. The results show that PUUV sequences form seven distinct and well-supported genetic lineages; within these lineages, geographical clustering of genetic variants is observed. The overall phylogeny of PUUV is star-like, suggesting an early split of genetic lineages. The individual PUUV lineages appear to be independent, with the only exception to this being the Finnish and the Russian lineages that are closely connected to each other. Two strains of PUUV-like virus from Japan form the most ancestral lineage diverging from PUUV. Recombination points within the S segment were searched for and evidence for intralineage recombination events was seen in the Finnish, Russian, Danish, and Belgian lineages of PUUV. Molecular clock analysis showed that PUUV is a stable virus, evolving slowly at a rate of 0.7 ؋ 10 ؊7 to 2.2 ؋ 10 ؊6 nt substitutions per site per year.Puumala virus (PUUV) belongs to the genus Hantavirus of the family Bunyaviridae (12). Like other members of this family, PUUV is an enveloped virus with a segmented, singlestranded RNA genome of negative polarity. The large (L) segment of 6.5 kb encodes the viral RNA polymerase, the 3.7-kb medium (M) segment encodes the two surface glycoproteins, and the 1.8-kb small (S) segment encodes the nucleocapsid protein (N).The natural host of PUUV is the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus, which belongs to the Arvicolinae subfamily of the Muridae family. The bank vole is found in most of Europe, excluding the Mediterranean coast and the northernmost areas ( Fig. 1) (40). The virus causes a life-long persistent and asymptomatic infection in rodents (47). In contrast, in humans PUUV is pathogenic, causing nephropathia epidemica, a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) (8).PUUV from the following countries has been genetically characterized ( Fig. 1): Finland (45,46,48,62), Sweden (24,25,38), Norway (38), Denmark (3), Russia (3,16,48,49,66), Belgium (6, 13), Austria (1, 5), and Germany (19, 43). So far, over 100 partial or complete PUUV sequences have been deposited in GenBank. These include 38 complete S segment sequences, 9 complete M segment sequences, and 2 complete L segment sequences. In general, the phylogenetic relationships between different hantaviruses and their rodent hosts mirror each other, supporting the idea of coevolution of the virus and its host (44). Furthermore, different strains of a given hantavirus type, including PUUV, show geographical clustering (48, 49) reflecting the sometime complicated history of host range movements. The most recent bank vole range changes are due to the recolonization of Europe and especially Fennoscandia after the last ice age 10,000 years ago (29). Earlier it has been shown that these migr...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Evolution of Puumala Hantavirus

Sironen

Vaheri

Plyusnin

2001

J Virol

113

112

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“…PUUV was identified as causative agent in some patients from Austria, but no clinical cases have been reported for Lower Austria, although this virus was detected in bank voles in that area (Aberle et al 1999, Plyusnina et al 2006. The failure to detect PUUV in our sample of bank voles may indicate that this virus was absent at the investigated sites in 2008 or present at a very low prevalence, even though a relatively high number of human hantavirus cases was detected that year in Austria (n = 33; Heyman et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Infections of Rodents with Zoonotic Pathogens in Austria

Schmidt

Eßbauer

Mayer‐Scholl

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Rodents are important reservoirs for a large number of zoonotic pathogens. We examined the occurrence of 11 viral, bacterial, and parasitic agents in rodent populations in Austria, including three different hantaviruses, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, orthopox virus, Leptospira spp., Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, and Toxoplasma gondii. In 2008, 110 rodents of four species (40 Clethrionomys glareolus, 29 Apodemus flavicollis, 26 Apodemus sylvaticus, and 15 Microtus arvalis) were trapped at two rural sites in Lower Austria. Chest cavity fluid and samples of lung, spleen, kidney, liver, brain, and ear pinna skin were collected. We screened selected tissue samples for hantaviruses, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, orthopox viruses, Leptospira, Borrelia, Rickettsia, Bartonella spp., C. burnetii, and T. gondii by RT-PCR/PCR and detected nucleic acids of Tula hantavirus, Leptospira spp., Borrelia afzelii, Rickettsia spp., and different Bartonella species. Serological investigations were performed for hantaviruses, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, orthopox viruses, and Rickettsia spp. Here, Dobrava-Belgrade hantavirus-, Tula hantavirus-, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-, orthopox virus-, and rickettsia-specific antibodies were demonstrated. Puumala hantavirus, C. burnetii, and T. gondii were neither detected by RT-PCR/PCR nor by serological methods. In addition, multiple infections with up to three pathogens were shown in nine animals of three rodent species from different trapping sites. In conclusion, these results show that rodents in Austria may host multiple zoonotic pathogens. Our observation raises important questions regarding the interactions of different pathogens in the host, the countermeasures of the host's immune system, the impact of the host-pathogen interaction on the fitness of the host, and the spread of infectious agents among wild rodents and from those to other animals or humans.

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“…The first partial PUUV sequence from a vole trapped in Austria was published 3 years later (Bowen et al, 1997). Meanwhile more extensive PUUV S and M segment sequences were characterized from Austrian voles (Aberle et al, 1999;Plyusnina et al, 2006). PUUV in M. glareolus has also been molecularly detected in Slovakia and Hungary (Plyusnina et al, 2009).…”

Section: Puumala Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The broad spectrum of hantaviruses and their hosts in Central Europe

Klempa¹,

Radosa²,

Dh³

2013

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Summary. -Hantaviruses are considered to be emerging viruses due to their increasing significance as human pathogens and their cyclic reappearance during outbreaks. Central Europe is an important endemic region for hantavirus infections. Reflecting the presence of all relevant small mammals serving as reservoir hosts, close to all recognized European hantaviruses occur also in Central Europe. Important human pathogens, Puumala and Dobrava-Belgrade viruses, are present and cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome of various severities. Moreover, several of the newly recognized shrew-and mole-borne hantaviruses are present. In this review, we summarize current data on molecular detection of hantaviruses in reservoir hosts as well as on molecular epidemiology of human hantavirus infections in Central Europe.

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Nephropathia Epidemica and Puumala Virus in Austria

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular Evolution of Puumala Hantavirus

Molecular Evolution of Puumala Hantavirus

Multiple Infections of Rodents with Zoonotic Pathogens in Austria

The broad spectrum of hantaviruses and their hosts in Central Europe

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