Nephrological Excerpts From the Encyclopédie of Diderot and d'Alembert

Santo, Natale G. De; Cirillo, Massimo; Bisaccia, Carmela; Richet, G; Eknoyan, Garabed

doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.01.021

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The Encyclopédie of Diderot and d’Alembert was conceived specifically for that purpose. About 40 physicians contributed various topics to the Encyclopédie (6). Its role in popularizing information pertinent to various aspects of nephrology has been highlighted throughout this article.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A key feature of the Enlightenment was the popularization of new knowledge among the growing middle class or the so‐called bourgeoisie. To that end, each of the sections covered is followed by a direct quote from the Encyclopédie of Diderot and d’Alembert, the milestone iconic publication for the learned bourgeoisie of the period (6,7).…”

Section: A Chronological Listing Of Principal Contributors To Nephromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most colored part of the blood is separated in these glands … and urine may be clear like water. There is continuity of the arteries with the urine conduits … It cannot be doubted that urine is brought to the kidney by arteries, is poured in the urinary conduits and received into the ureter … (6).…”

Section: Anatomy and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The entry on diseases of the urine in the Encyclopédie includes sections on dysuria, stranguria, incontinence, and pyuria (6). What follows are selected parts of the section on ischuria:…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between false and true diabetes is well known and goes back to Paul of Aegina, Galen, and Celsus. (6)…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Enlightenment Kidney—Nephrology in and about the Eighteenth Century

Eknoyan

Santo

2011

Seminars in Dialysis

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The intellectual movement of inquiry by direct observation and inductive reasoning to acquire new knowledge matured in the Enlightenment. In medicine, personal observation as the prime mover of investigation began in anatomy, and gradually extended into studies of function, site of disease, and composition of body fluids. This led to the generation of new information on renal structure, function, and urine composition in health and to some extent in disease. Studies on the dissected, injected, and teased kidneys have left us with many of the eponymous renal structures described by Eustachio, Bellini, Malpighi, and Ferrein. Subsequent studies by Haller of the renal circulation and scrutiny of the separation of serous fluid from blood in the renal cortical glandular components established the beginnings of renal physiology. The movement to integrate chemistry into medicine championed by Boerhaave, which launched studies of urine composition in diabetes, urolithiasis, and gout led to the exploration of a chemical basis of other diseases. Albuminous precipitate in the urine of a dropsical case was described by Cotugno, but its association with kidney disease went unappreciated. Most of the new information on the kidney was communicated to and discussed in the increasing number of new scientific societies that were being formed, and transmitted to the eager members of the learned bourgeoisie of the period in the Encyclopédie of Diderot and d'Alembert.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Chronological Listing Of Principal Contributors To Nephromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anatomy and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The entry on diseases of the urine in the Encyclopédie includes sections on dysuria, stranguria, incontinence, and pyuria (6). What follows are selected parts of the section on ischuria:…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between false and true diabetes is well known and goes back to Paul of Aegina, Galen, and Celsus. (6)…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations