Nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight neonates: Family history of kidney stones and ethnicity as independent risk factors

Karlowicz, M. Gary; Katz, Michael E.; Adelman, Raymond D.; Solhaug, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83553-x

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] At a low gestational age, the lower glomerular filtration ratio and the shorter loop of Henle lead to slow urinary transition, while the sensitivity for heterogeneous crystallization is high, which result in decreased calcium excretion and increased calcification. Also, during the neonatal period, VLBW infants are exposed more frequently and for a longer time to multiple risk factors associated with treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Outcome of Nephrocalcinosis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

et al. 2015

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� Original Article � furosemide therapy in 1982. Among different studies, the prevalence of NC ranged from 7 to 41% in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The etiology of NC is multifactorial including low gestational age and birth weight. Male sex, family history, white race, mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the use of furosemide, methylxanthine, dexamethasone, gentamicin, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), acidosis, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricuria, and hypocitruria are associated with development of NC. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcome of nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed in VLBW infants between 2006 and 2012 in the neonatal intensive care unit. Results:The incidence of nephrocalcinosis in VLBW infants was 10.2%. By univariate analysis, oligohydramnios and use of antenatal steroids were more frequent in the nephrocalcinosis group. In the nephrocalcinosis group, the gestational age and birth weight were lower and there were more number of female infants. Also, the initial blood pH, the lowest systolic blood pressure, and urine output on the first day of life were lower and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, and urinary tract infection were more prevalent in the nephrocalcinosis group. The use of dexamethasone or ibuprofen and the lowest levels of phosphorus, protein and albumin were significantly lower in the nephrocalcinosis group. By binary logistic regression analysis, the use of antenatal steroids, female sex, 5-minute Apgar score, duration of oxygen therapy and total parenteral nutrition, and the lowest albumin level were found to be significant risk factors for nephrocalcinosis. Overall, the resolution rate was 64.1% and 88.6% within 12 months and 18 months, respectively. Conclusions:The incidence of nephrocalcinosis in VLBW infants showed increasing trend. The risk factors of nephrocalcinosis were parameters for sick VLBW infants. Although the prognosis of nephrocalcinosis was relatively good, we should pay close attention to the development of complication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Outcome of Nephrocalcinosis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

et al. 2015

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“…The incidence in North American studies has been reported between 17 and 64% [2][3][4] and in European studies between 16 and 41% [5][6][7][8] . The aetiology is multifactorial; risk factors include low gestational age, low birth weight, aminoglycoside use, male sex, respiratory disease, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), low intake of minerals and fluid, family history of kidney stones and white race [3,[5][6][7][8] .…”

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confidence: 97%

“…They concluded that developmental changes in tubular function contributed to increased urine oxalate. An important observation, nevertheless, was that urine oxalate excretion in the VLBW preterm babies approached levels seen in adult patients with urolithiasis.It seems likely therefore that high urine oxalate excretion is a significant risk factor for NC in the preterm and indeed in a prospective study in VLBW preterm babies Very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm babies are at risk of nephrocalcinosis (NC) which was first described by Hufnagle et al The aetiology is multifactorial; risk factors include low gestational age, low birth weight, aminoglycoside use, male sex, respiratory disease, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), low intake of minerals and fluid, family history of kidney stones and white race [3,[5][6][7][8] . The role of frusemide in NC is debated, some studies finding a significant association [2,7,8] and others not [3,5,6] .…”

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Nephrocalcinosis in Preterm Babies

White

2007

Neonatology

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“…The majority of patients with nephrolithiasis show no evidence of nephrocalcinosis, and one-third of patients with clinically detectable nephrocalcinosis have never suffered from calculi [2,54]. Interestingly, the incidence of nephrocalcinosis in low-weight, newborn infants is significantly and independently associated both with a family history of kidney stones and with being Caucasion [24,25]. Very few cases of familial hypomagnesemia, hypercalciuria, or nephrocalcinosis have been described in which there is normal handling of magnesium and calcium after kidney transplantation, thus accounting for the tabular damage caused by nephrocalcinosis [12,41].…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of the papilla in idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis

Krautschick

Esen

1997

World J Urol

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The complex and multifactorial phenomenon of urinary stone disease remains unclear. Anatomical and physiochemical theories do not adequately deal with certain aspects of idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in particular or of nephrolithiasis. One of the reasons for this could be that nephrolithiasis is not only a primary disorder but may also be a symptom of other disorders or various pathologic changes in the metabolism of lithogenic substances. Both affirmative and contradictory reports have been published since Randall's first description of papillary calcifications and their possible active role in the genesis of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Our intention is to discuss focal calcified lesions as an etiologic factor of renal stone disease as well as the change from historical to modern concepts regarding the development of medullary calcifications and their relationship to idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.

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Nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight neonates: Family history of kidney stones and ethnicity as independent risk factors

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Risk Factors and Outcome of Nephrocalcinosis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Risk Factors and Outcome of Nephrocalcinosis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Nephrocalcinosis in Preterm Babies

The role of the papilla in idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis

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