Neonatal infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with a water-bath used to thaw fresh frozen plasma

Muyldermans, Gaëtan; Smet, Frederik De; Piérard, Denis; Steenssens, L; Stevens, D.S.; Bougatef, Adel; Lauwers, Sabine

doi:10.1016/s0195-6701(98)90296-1

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Three studies considered cases of infection only (Verweij et al, 1993;Archibald et al, 1998;Loureiro et al, 2002), two studies did not differentiate between colonization and infection (Foca et al, 2000;Moolenaar et al, 2000) and 10 studies reported infection and colonization separately. (Garcia et al, 1989;Garland et al, 1996;Muyldermans et al, 1998;Gras-Le Guen et al, 2003;Majumdar et al, 2004;Schutze et al, 2004;Zabel et al, 2004;Crivaro et al, 2009;Sánchez-Carrillo et al, 2009;Naze et al, 2010). The overall mean prevalence of colonization or infection reported from eight studies (Archibald et al, 1998;Muyldermans et al, 1998;Foca et al, 2000;Moolenaar et al, 2000;Loureiro et al, 2002;Crivaro et al, 2009;Sánchez-Carrillo et al, 2009;Naze et al, 2010), which included information on the number of unaffected individuals, was 18.5 % (range 10.5-42 %).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, two studies were excluded after inspection of the full-text documents, both describing prospective studies; Mammina et al (2008) described investigation of colonization by antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa but did not describe an outbreak of P. aeruginosa infection or state that this work followed such an outbreak and Mammina et al (2008) and Hu et al (2010) described prospective surveillance of P. aeruginosa colonization among mechanically ventilated neonates. Therefore, 15 studies (Garcia et al, 1989;Verweij et al, 1993;Garland et al, 1996;Archibald et al, 1998;Muyldermans et al, 1998;Foca et al, 2000;Moolenaar et al, 2000;Loureiro et al, 2002;Gras-Le Guen et al, 2003;Majumdar et al, 2004;Schutze et al, 2004;Zabel et al, 2004;Crivaro et al, 2009;Sánchez-Carrillo et al, 2009;Naze et al, 2010) were reviewed using 18 ORION criteria (Stone et al, 2007). Of these studies, six (Loureiro et al, 2002;Gras-Le Guen et al, 2003;Zabel et al, 2004;Crivaro et al, 2009;Sánchez-Carrillo et al, 2009;and Naze et al, 2010) were not mentioned in the original review by Simon et al, (2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care unit – a systematic review of risk factors and environmental sources

Jefferies

Cooper

Yam

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium commonly occurring in soil and water. It is an opportunistic pathogen and an important cause of healthcare-associated infections, particularly among infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Several reports regarding outbreaks of P. aeruginosa in NICUs have been published. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched using the MeSH terms [Pseudomonas aeruginosa], [Outbreak OR Infection OR bacteraemia, OR sepsis OR disease] and [Neonat* OR baby OR babies OR newborn*]. Fifteen studies describing a total of 414 infants colonized or infected with P. aeruginosa were reviewed. The mean percentage of infections occurring in the populations that had been colonized by the organism (calculated as n infected /n infected +n colonized ) was 22 %. Environmental sampling was performed in 14 studies, nine of which detected P. aeruginosa. The risk factors identified were antimicrobial drug use and the number of days of antimicrobial therapy prescribed before positive blood culture, exposure to particular healthcare workers (HCW), transfusion of blood products, and intravenous delivery of nutrients/electrolytes. Exposure to umbilical venous catheters was associated with bloodstream infections. Increasing age and use of artificial fingernails were risk factors for colonization of hands of HCWs. Low birth weight pre-term infants were at greater risk of mortality from P. aeruginosa infection than older infants. BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium commonly occurring in soil and water. It is an opportunistic pathogen, causing disease in vulnerable individuals, such as the immunocompromised, those where host defences have been breached, such as burns patients, and infants in whom the immune system is not yet developed. Most commonly, P. aeruginosa infections occur in the urinary tract, in burn wounds and as chronic lung infections in cystic-fibrosis patients. However, the organism is also an important cause of healthcare-associated infections, particularly among infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) (Jarvis et al., 1987) owing to their underdeveloped immune system and the fact that such infants are often intubated, catheterized with intravascular catheters/devices in-situ, and/or receiving parenteral nutrition, which may increase risk of infection (Gaynes et al., 2005). Unfortunately, such infections in neonates can be fatal, as was the case in a recent UK outbreak in which four babies died (Wise, 2012). The ubiquitous nature of P. aeruginosa in the environment makes the sources of such outbreaks difficult to identify.Several outbreaks of P. aeruginosa colonization and infection in NICUs have been published. Simon et al. (2008) published a systematic review of confirmed outbreaks in both neonatal and paediatric patients that were identified using the PubMed database and the web-based register for nosocomial outbreaks. That review did not search for reports of outbreaks listed in the Embase database and so may have been biased by the omission ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care unit – a systematic review of risk factors and environmental sources

Jefferies

Cooper

Yam

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…As vias principais de aquisição de microorganismos que podem resultar em infecção são a transmissão aérea; o contato direto (transmissão física direta de microorganismos de uma pessoa infectada ou colonizada para o hospedeiro, por meio das mãos, de secreções 23,24 ); o contato indireto (transmissão física por objetos inanimados -transdutores, termômetros, estetoscópios, manômetros, cateteres de sucção, água 25,26 ); por veículos comuns (fluidos contaminados, soluções intra-venosas, leite, sangue e derivados 27 ) e por vetores (moscas, baratas 28 ). A exposição a estas fontes contribuirá para o estabelecimento da flora endógena do recém-nascido, ou seja, a sua colonização bacteriana na pele, nas mucosas e nos tratos gastrintestinal e respiratório que, por sua vez, freqüentemente também são a fonte de microorganismos que causam infecção.…”

Section: Aquisição De Microorganismos E Fatores Predisponentes à Infeunclassified

Neonatal nosocomial infections

Mussi-Pinhata

Nascimento²

2001

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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ResumoObjetivos: realizar revisão sobre infecções hospitalares neonatais, salientando aspectos dos mecanismos de colonização, defesa imunológica e infecção no recém-nascido, dos modos de transmissão, da epidemiologia e da vigilância e prevenção destas infecções. Revisar, ainda, particularidades sobre agentes etiológicos e recomendações preventivas.Métodos: busca eletrônica, nos bancos de dados Medline e LILACS, de artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, selecionandose aqueles que trouxessem informações atuais e relevantes.Resultados: as várias peculiaridades que causam maior susceptibilidade à infecção em recém-nascidos e a sobrevivência de recém-nascidos prematuros às custas da permanência em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal, onde são submetidos a procedimentos invasivos e ao uso de antimicrobianos de largo espectro, são responsáveis por taxas de incidência de infecções hospitalares neonatais tão elevadas quanto 9,3 a 25,6%. Tais infecções atingem pelo menos 50% daqueles de peso ao nascer inferior a 1.500g, causando elevada mortalidade. Recém-nascidos a termo apresentam mais freqüente-mente lesões cutâneas e de tecidos moles, causadas por bactérias gram-positivas. Nas unidades de terapia intensiva, sepse e pneumonia freqüentemente são diagnosticadas (principalmente causadas por S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, K. pneumonia e E. cloacae).A resistência a múltiplas drogas antimicrobianas tem sido identificada com freqüência crescente. Um programa de vigilância epidemiológica adaptado às características da unidade neonatal permite a identificação de surtos de infecção, o uso racional de antibacterianos e a aplicação de medidas preventivas.Conclusões: as infecções hospitalares neonatais representam problema relevante cujo controle depende de medidas que se aplicam à gestante, ao ambiente hospitalar, à equipe assistencial e ao próprio recém-nascido. Apesar de terem surgido novas propostas para a redução do risco de infecção hospitalar em recém-nascidos pré-termo, estas são de custo elevado e não substituem a vigilância epidemiológica contínua nas unidades neonatais. AbstractObjective: to review the current medical literature on neonatal nosocomial infections, emphasizing aspects of neonatal colonization, immune system and infection mechanisms, modes of transmission, epidemiology, surveillance and prevention of these infections, in addition to assessing peculiarities about etiologic agents and prophylactic recommendations.Sources: electronic search in the Medline and LILACS databases, with selection of the most relevant articles published within the last ten years.Summary of the findings: the several peculiarities that cause greater susceptibility to infection in newborns, and the survival of preterm infants due to the invasive procedures and treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics at intensive care units are responsible for prevalence rates of neonatal nosocomial infections between 9.3 and 25.6%. Neonatal nosocomial infections affect at least 50% of newborns who weigh less than 1500 g, which ends up incre...

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“…aeruginosa is also ubiquitous in freshwater environments including rivers (36), wastewater (57), bottled mineral water (28), holy water (40), tap water (41), water-baths (32), humidifiers (12), distilled water (6), etc. P. aeruginosa can grow relatively fast in distilled water obtained in hospitals and achieve high cell concentrations which remain stable for long periods of time.…”

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confidence: 99%

Culturability and Survival of Marine, Freshwater and Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2010

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Genetic typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the open ocean has revealed that marine strains form unique clusters. To clarify whether this genetic variation reflects differences in pattern of culturability and survival, a marine strain was compared with a freshwater strain and a clinical strain in microcosms with different levels of NaCl (0 to 7% [w/v]), pH (4.0 to 9.0) and temperature (−20, 0, 4, 25 and 37°C) in both artificial seawater (ASW) and distilled water (DW). The viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state of P. aeruginosa was also monitored. The marine strain 1200 grew better at high NaCl and pH, whereas the freshwater strain 1030 did better at 0 to 3% NaCl and a pH of less than 7.0. The clinical strain 1564 grew best at neutral pH and 0% NaCl. No significant differences were observed among the strains in culturability at different temperatures. Like other bacteria, P. aeruginosa enters a VBNC state under stressful conditions. The marine P. aeruginosa isolate exhibits a unique pattern of culturability and survival which demonstrates a physiological adaptation to the ocean environment.

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Neonatal infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with a water-bath used to thaw fresh frozen plasma

Cited by 69 publications

References 11 publications

Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care unit – a systematic review of risk factors and environmental sources

Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care unit – a systematic review of risk factors and environmental sources

Neonatal nosocomial infections

Culturability and Survival of Marine, Freshwater and Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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