Neonatal B Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Method of Delivery

Gasparoni, Antonella; Maccario, Rita; Chirico, G; Belloni, C; Mingrat, G.; Amici, D. De; Bonora, M. Regazzi; Rondini, G

doi:10.1159/000243735

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, meconium aspiration) has been shown to depress neutrophil functions and CL activity [16±18]. Likewise, the stress caused by labour has been held to explain the lower lymphocyte and the higher neutrophil count in the cord blood [7,9], which we also detected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Mode of delivery directs the phagocyte functions of infants for the first 6 months of life

Grönlund

Nuutila

Pelto

et al. 1999

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYFactors that direct the immune responsiveness of the newborn beyond the immediate post-natal period are not known. We investigated the in¯uence of mode of delivery and type of feeding on the phagocyte activity during the ®rst 6 months of life. Sixty-four healthy infants (34 delivered vaginally and 30 by elective Caesarean section) were studied at birth and at the ages of 2 and 6 months. Phagocyte functions were studied by measuring the chemiluminescence (CL) activity of whole blood and isolated leucocytes and by investigating the expression of phagocyte receptors (FcgRI (CD64), FcgRII (CD32), FcgRIII (CD16), CR1 (CD35), CR3 (CD11b) and FcaR (CD89)) on neutrophils, monocytes and eosinophils by using receptor-speci®c MoAbs and immuno¯uorescence¯ow cytometry. Infants born by elective Caesarean section had signi®cantly higher CL activity than those delivered vaginally during the entire 6-month follow up. In addition, infants who received formula feeds had signi®cantly higher CL activity at 6 months of age and higher expression of FcgRI-, Fca-and CR3-receptors on neutrophils than infants exclusively breast-fed. We suggest that stress reaction associated with labour in¯uences the phagocytic activity measured in the cord blood but later during infancy the intraluminal antigens, gut micro¯ora and diet, become important determinants in immune programming of human individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Mode of delivery directs the phagocyte functions of infants for the first 6 months of life

Grönlund

Nuutila

Pelto

et al. 1999

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…The method of delivery and the duration of labor are two of the most important factors affecting leukocyte counts; in fact, several studies have reported increased total leukocyte and neutrophil counts in infants born by vaginal delivery or emergency cesarean section [2][3][4] or after prolonged labor [5,6] as compared with those born by elective cesarean section or after short labor. The endocrine-metabolic variations after stressful delivery, particularly the increased release of steroids and catecholamines, were considered the mean cause of these effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies evaluating the influence of mode of delivery were limited to cord blood [2,3] or peripheral blood at 13 h of life [4]; therefore, it is not known how long do the differences of leukocytes counts persist after birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocyte Counts in Relation to the Method of Delivery during the First Five Days of Life

Chirico¹,

Gasparoni

Ciardelli

et al. 1999

Neonatology

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The goal of the present study was to evaluate total and differential leukocyte counts during the first 5 days of life in relation to the method of delivery. We included 203 healthy term infants; of these, 114 were born by vaginal delivery, and 89 by elective cesarean section. Total and differential leukocyte counts were evaluated at the following intervals: 0–6, 7–12, 13–24, 25–48, 49–72, 73–96, and 97–120 h after birth. The cord serum cortisol level was measured as an indicator of the degree of delivery-related stress. Mean leukocyte and neutrophil counts were higher in infants born by vaginal delivery in cord blood and up to 12 h of life. No significant differences were observed in the immature: total neutrophil ratios between the two groups of infants. The cord serum cortisol level was higher in vaginally delivered infants. A significant correlation was found between cortisol and leukocyte, neutrophil, or lymphocyte counts. The method of delivery produces significantly different total leukocyte and neutrophil counts during the first 12 h after birth; after this time, there appears to be no more variation of leukocyte counts during the first 5 days of life.

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“…Labor is associated with an increase in the number of leukocytes in the neonate's circulation typically related to increased neutrophils, monocytes, and natural killer cells (2)(3)(4)(5). Functional differences have also been observed, including increased IL-6 production by umbilical cord blood monocytes (5) and activation of neutrophils (6) collected after spontaneous vaginal delivery (completion of labor) compared with elective cesarean section (no labor).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%