Neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, South-East, Nigeria: A 10-year review

Chukwuka, John Onuora; Ezeudu, Chijioke Elias; Nnamani, Kenechi Ogbodo

doi:10.4103/1119-0388.152552

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The patients herein reported spent 35 and 49 days (case 1 and case 2 respectively) in UUTH. This is similar to the findings by other authors [3,4,9,13].…”

Section: Case Reportsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Post-Neonatal tetanus from broomstick injuries: a word of caution for caregivers

Ijezie

Megbelayin

2017

Int J Med Res Rev

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Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease that is acquired through exposure to the spores of the bacterium Clostridium tetani which are ubiquitous in the soil. Post-neonatal tetanus is an increasing problem in developing countries, including Nigeria. This is mainly as a result of inadequate immunization coverage, unsustainable immunization programmes, and non-administration of booster doses of tetanus toxoid at appropriate periods to eligible children. The spores of the bacterium can get into the body through broken skin, commonly through injuries from contaminated objects. There have also been reports of broomstick injury as the portal of entry. Indeed, it has been reported to be the commonest portal of entry in a center in Nigeria. This is important because flogging (of children) with brooms is common in parts of Nigeria, despite it being forbidden in several cultures in the country. Two cases of post-neonatal tetanus arising from broomstick injuries in Uyo, Nigeria, are herein reported, to illustrate the inherent dangers and implications of broomstick injuries in children. It is hoped that advocacy campaigns will be conducted at different public health fora to raise awareness of the general population concerning post-neonatal tetanus from broomstick injuries. Furthermore, there is urgent need to institutionalize the administration of booster doses of tetanus toxoid at primary and secondary school entry.

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“…The patients herein reported spent 35 and 49 days (case 1 and case 2 respectively) in UUTH. This is similar to the findings by other authors [3,4,9,13].…”

Section: Case Reportsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Tetanus is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries [3,9], and is a public health problem in Nigeria [9], with case fatality rates as high as 4.1% -39.1% [2][3][4][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Neonatal tetanus from broomstick injuries: a word of caution for caregivers

Ijezie

Megbelayin

2017

Int J Med Res Rev

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“…The present study showed that the proportion of children that were protected [12]. It may be argued that at face value, booster doses of tetanus toxoid are not required within five years of primary vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Post neonatal tetanus is an important problem in Nigeria [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]. Most studies have recognized tetanus beyond the neonatal period as a problem of enormous consequence with high case fatality rate [10] [13] [14], yet it is still seemingly disregarded and continues to afflict several children in this millennium [8] [12] [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetanus Toxin Antibody Levels in Pre-School Nigerian Children after Three Doses of Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus/Pentavalent Immunization: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ekanem¹,

Uket²,

Okpara³

2018

WJV

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Background: Post-neonatal tetanus is an important problem. Prevention of tetanus in Nigeria is via immunization with three doses of Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus (DPT)/Pentavalent vaccine at 6, 10 and 14 weeks. The anti-tetanus antibody levels of these children are not known after they had received DPT3/Pentavalent vaccines. Aim: This work was to determine the anti-tetanus antibody (IgG) response in Nigerian children aged six months to five years who had received three doses of DPT vaccine in early infancy. Methods: Children aged six months to five years who were attended to in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital for acute illnesses were recruited. Their anti-tetanus IgG levels were measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The optimal cut-off level of ≥0.

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“…The symptomatology of newborns with the diagnosis of neonatal tetanus is associated with tonic contractions of the chewing muscles, such as dysphagia and trismus [12] [13] [14] [15]. Despite the high mortality rate due to neonatal tetanus, studies show a significant decline in morbidity and mortality in recent years [16] [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Umbilical Cord Stump Healing Practices: Literature Review

Reis¹,

Sousa²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

OJOG

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Objective: To analyze the evidence in the evolution of scientific production on the factors associated with curative practices of the umbilical stump. Materials and Methods: The study data collection took place in April 2017. The electronic databases used to search the articles were: PubMed (National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health) and VHL (Virtual Health Library). We used the keywords "perinatal care", "umbilical cord", "patient care team", "neonatology", "newborn", in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, accompanied by the expression AND and selected through DeCS (Descriptors in Health Sciences). Results: A final sample of 9 articles was obtained from the PubMed and VHL databases, which met the inclusions criteria. It has been found that traditional umbilical stump care practices are still present in many communities, however, have been replaced by appropriate practices, the most recommended being: chlorhexidine 4% sanitation, soap and water and alcohol antisepsis 70%. Conclusions: There is a need for multi-professional involvement, approaching these women since pregnancy, with detailed information and accessible language about proper care with the newborn and the umbilical stump.

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Neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, South-East, Nigeria: A 10-year review

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Post-Neonatal tetanus from broomstick injuries: a word of caution for caregivers

Post-Neonatal tetanus from broomstick injuries: a word of caution for caregivers

Tetanus Toxin Antibody Levels in Pre-School Nigerian Children after Three Doses of Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus/Pentavalent Immunization: A Cross-Sectional Study

Factors Associated with Umbilical Cord Stump Healing Practices: Literature Review

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