Abstract:Multiple-actor reality and the impact of different units, except the states in
stratified structural relations, have become more apparent in recent international
relations. Specifically, the rising role of Violent Non-State Actors (VNSA) in
regions like the Middle East and North Africa, and their challenges to the sole
and central position of states, reinforced this idea. Hence, comprehending the
possible actorhood of these groups within the structural relations consisting of
internal and external realms neces… Show more
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