NEMA NU-4 performance evaluation of PETbox4, a high sensitivity dedicated PET preclinical tomograph

Gu, Zhichen; Taschereau, Richard; Vu, Nam T.; Wang, H; Prout, David; Silverman, Robert W.; Bai, Bing; Stout, David; Phelps, Michael E.; Chatziioannou, Arion F.

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/58/11/3791

Cited by 61 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…8. Peak sensitivity (at the center of the scanner) is predicted to be 10.1%, which compares well with the peak sensitivities of scanners utilizing arrays of discrete detector elements (1.19% to 6.72% 37 ), and with those utilizing monolithic scintillator-based detectors (0.3% to 9% 36,40,41 ). Enhanced detection sensitivity increases the flexibility and capabilities available to researchers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preclinical positron emission tomography scanner based on a monolithic annulus of scintillator: initial design study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanners designed for imaging of small animals have transformed translational research by reducing the necessity to invasively monitor physiology and disease progression. Virtually all of these scanners are based on the use of pixelated detector modules arranged in rings. This design, while generally successful, has some limitations. Specifically, use of discrete detector modules to construct PET scanners reduces detection sensitivity and can introduce artifacts in reconstructed images, requiring the use of correction methods. To address these challenges, and facilitate measurement of photon depth-ofinteraction in the detector, we investigated a small animal PET scanner (called AnnPET) based on a monolithic annulus of scintillator. The scanner was created by placing 12 flat facets around the outer surface of the scintillator to accommodate placement of silicon photomultiplier arrays. Its performance characteristics were explored using Monte Carlo simulations and sections of the NEMA NU4-2008 protocol. Results from this study revealed that AnnPET's reconstructed spatial resolution is predicted to be ∼1 mm full width at half maximum in the radial, tangential, and axial directions. Peak detection sensitivity is predicted to be 10.1%. Images of simulated phantoms (mini-hot rod and mouse whole body) yielded promising results, indicating the potential of this system for enhancing PET imaging of small animals.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…36,40,41 In these systems, detection sensitivity is improved by eliminating the nonscintillating regions between adjacent detector elements present in pixelated detectors. These regions can represent nontrivial fractions of the area of a detector, especially when very small elements are used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical positron emission tomography scanner based on a monolithic annulus of scintillator: initial design study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent studies [5] the authors describe PetBox and its improved new generation PetBox4 [6]; a low-cost benchtop PET scanner developed at UCLA and dedicated to high throughput preclinical imaging. Instead of LYSO, BGO scintillators were used in the detector, taking advantage of BGO's high stopping power, high photoelectric event fraction, lack of intrinsic background radiation and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot Studies With BGO Scintillators Coupled to Low-Noise, Large-Area, SiPM Arrays

González

Sánchez

Majewski

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite the fact that timing capabilities for devices based on BGO are limited when compared with LYSO or LSO based systems, the cost of BGO is considerably lower and could thus, be an option for devices with high scintillator volumes (as in the case of nuclear medicine scanners), but also in smaller dedicated imagers. Recently, many studies have been carried out in order to determine the potential capabilities of BGO for PET and SPECT applications, where BGO scintillator crystals have been coupled to SiPM photosensor devices. However, so far these studies have only been done on small-size BGO samples. In this work, we have studied three different BGO size configurations, coupled to a 12 × 12 low-noise SiPM array. Each SiPM has an active area of 3 × 3 mm 2 with a pixel pitch of 4.2 mm. A special charge division network providing information for each row and column output of the SiPM array has been used. The first tested BGO configuration has 2.5 mm crystal pixel pitch and 10 mm thickness, while the second makes use of smaller 1.5 mm pixels with 1.67 mm pitch but only 3 mm thick. The third evaluated configuration provided limited photon depth of interaction (DOI) information by using two staggered layers of BGO pixels also with 2.5 mm pitch and with a total thickness of 20 mm. Performances of these configurations in terms of spatial and energy resolutions have been determined. Energy resolution as good as 14.2% was obtained. Our results indicate that single layer crystal arrays with pixel values as low as 1.5 mm or two staggered layers with 2.5 mm pitch are well suited for PET applications, such as low-cost and high performance dedicated PET systems or large systems.

show abstract

“…36 The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of the Matrix9 detector when using scintillator array dimensions consistent with small-animal PET applications that require light sharing across SiPM pixels to achieve competitive spatial resolution. To find the best operating conditions, the noise, signal, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), energy resolution, flood histograms quality, timing resolution, and array trigger error ratio of the Matrix9 were measured and compared at five different temperatures, ranging from 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Matrix9 silicon photomultiplier array for small‐animal PET

Schmall

Yang

et al. 2015

Medical Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: The MatrixSL-9-30035-OEM (Matrix9) from SensL is a large-area silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) photodetector module consisting of a 3 × 3 array of 4 × 4 element SiPM arrays (total of 144 SiPM pixels) and incorporates SensL's front-end electronics board and coincidence board. Each SiPM pixel measures 3.16 × 3.16 mm 2 and the total size of the detector head is 47.8 × 46.3 mm 2 . Using 8 × 8 polished LSO/LYSO arrays (pitch 1.5 mm) the performance of this detector system (SiPM array and readout electronics) was evaluated with a view for its eventual use in small-animal positron emission tomography (PET). Methods: Measurements of noise, signal, signal-to-noise ratio, energy resolution, flood histogram quality, timing resolution, and array trigger error were obtained at different bias voltages (28.0-32.5 V in 0.5 V intervals) and at different temperatures (5• C degree steps) to find the optimal operating conditions. Results: The best measured signal-to-noise ratio and flood histogram quality for 511 keV gamma photons were obtained at a bias voltage of 30.0 V and a temperature of 5• C. The energy resolution and timing resolution under these conditions were 14.2% ± 0.1% and 4.2 ± 0.1 ns, respectively. The flood histograms show that all the crystals in the 1.5 mm pitch LSO array can be clearly identified and that smaller crystal pitches can also be resolved. Flood histogram quality was also calculated using different center of gravity based positioning algorithms. Improved and more robust results were achieved using the local 9 pixels for positioning along with an energy offset calibration. To evaluate the front-end detector readout, and multiplexing efficiency, an array trigger error metric is introduced and measured at different lower energy thresholds. Using a lower energy threshold greater than 150 keV effectively eliminates any mispositioning between SiPM arrays. Conclusions: In summary, the Matrix9 detector system can resolve high-resolution scintillator arrays common in small-animal PET with adequate energy resolution and timing resolution over a large detector area. The modular design of the Matrix9 detector allows it to be used as a building block for simple, low channel-count, yet high performance, small animal PET or PET/MRI systems. C 2015 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. [http://dx

show abstract

NEMA NU-4 performance evaluation of PETbox4, a high sensitivity dedicated PET preclinical tomograph

Cited by 61 publications

References 63 publications

Preclinical positron emission tomography scanner based on a monolithic annulus of scintillator: initial design study

Preclinical positron emission tomography scanner based on a monolithic annulus of scintillator: initial design study

Pilot Studies With BGO Scintillators Coupled to Low-Noise, Large-Area, SiPM Arrays

Evaluation of Matrix9 silicon photomultiplier array for small‐animal PET

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About