Negotiating Family “Value”: Caregiving and Conflict Among Chinese-Born Senior Migrants and Their Families in the U.S.

Relacje oparte na negocjacjach – wychowanie w rodzinie w dobie przemian ról rodzicielskich

“…-wzajemne potrzeby i oczekiwania, zarówno rodziców, jak i dzieci w rodzinach -w tym przypadku ujawnione zostają procesy konceptualizacji oraz priorytetyzacji potrzeb i oczekiwań rodziców i dzieci z ubogich rodzin Anglii (Cortés--Morales, Main, 2022); -podział opieki nad dziećmi w różnych typach rodzin (Rissing, Inwood, Stengel, 2021); -podział zadań w rodzinie podczas procesu godzenia obowiązków domowych i tych wynikających z pracy zawodowej (Daly, 2002;Parrott, 2012;Ostrouch-Kamińska, 2011;Żadkowska, 2012); -autonomię osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w rodzinie (Mill, Mayes, McConnell, 2010); -rodzinne wartości, czasami konkurencyjne, związane z różnymi światopoglądami (Newendorp, 2017;Smithson, Barlow, Hunter, Ewing, 2017); -tożsamość męską lub żeńską, wynikającą z roli rodzinnej przypisanej płci oraz poziom decyzyjności związany z posiadaną władzą w rodzinie (Tichenor, 2005) itd.…”

Intergenerational relations of older immigrants in the United States

“…In many immigrant sending countries, older parents' authority and the family‐based filial care arrangements have been drastically undermined by the rapid modernization and globalization of the past few decades, making them unable to depend on neither the state nor the family for long‐term care (Newendorp, 2020). Therefore, older parents may travel back and forth between the sending and receiving countries to care for multiple adult children and grandchildren, and it's only through this process that they weigh their options about where to grow old and potentially receive better care in the future (Newendorp, 2017).…”

“…The round‐the‐clock housework also limits their opportunities to socialize with others outside the family and exacerbates the feelings of loneliness and isolation that are already in place due to language barriers and a lack of driving skills (Treas & Mazumdar, 2002). Over time, as grandchildren become teenagers and go to colleges, older immigrants' care work is less needed, and they may move away from adult children's houses and become the recipients of care due to aging and declining health conditions (Newendorp, 2017).…”

“…Last, many older immigrants also attribute the discrepancies to broader social changes, rather than specifically to their children's failure to provide care. They recognize that the modernization and Westernization of their home country, as well as the Americanization of themselves and their children, are inevitably leading them to give up traditional care arrangements (e.g., coresidence), and receiving aging services offered by the state and the market rather than counting solely on the family (Lan, 2002; Newendorp, 2017; Wong et al., 2006).…”

“…Daughters‐in‐law may avoid open conflict and show deference in front of the mother‐in‐law, but disobey in her absence (Shih & Pyke, 2009). By contrast, many older mothers recognize the inevitable decline of their authority within the family and gradually comply with adult children's preferences (Newendorp, 2017). They adapt to the new role of being a grandmother rather than a mother, respect the young mother's authority in childrearing, give up the power to discipline the grandchildren, and keep their feelings and thoughts to themselves to avoid overt arguments (Kibria, 1995; Treas & Mazumdar, 2004; Wong et al., 2006).…”