Negative biases and risk for depression; integrating self-report and emotion task markers

Watters, Anna J.; Williams, Leanne M.

doi:10.1002/da.20854

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…These findings may suggest differential awareness (DMN), salience (SN), and cognitive control (ECN) of mental states in MDD that may contribute to rumination or impaired planful action based on awareness of one's own mental states. Although the current study did not include measures of these constructs, this interpretation is consistent with prevailing cognitive theories of MDD (eg, Watters and Williams, 2011). Specific to the prediction of treatment response, connectivity between anterior insula and middle temporal gyrus may subserve attention to internal affective states and social comparisons that interacted with cognitive symptoms of MDD (eg, guilt, worthlessness).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Resting-State Connectivity Predictors of Response to Psychotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder

Crowther

Smoski

Minkel

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

117

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Despite the heterogeneous symptom presentation and complex etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), functional neuroimaging studies have shown with remarkable consistency that dysfunction in mesocorticolimbic brain systems are central to the disorder. Relatively less research has focused on the identification of biological markers of response to antidepressant treatment that would serve to improve the personalized delivery of empirically supported antidepressant interventions. In the present study, we investigated whether resting-state functional brain connectivity (rs-fcMRI) predicted response to Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression, an empirically validated psychotherapy modality designed to increase engagement with rewarding stimuli and reduce avoidance behaviors. Twenty-three unmedicated outpatients with MDD and 20 matched nondepressed controls completed rs-fcMRI scans after which the MDD group received an average of 12 sessions of psychotherapy. The mean change in Beck Depression Inventory-II scores after psychotherapy was 12.04 points, a clinically meaningful response. Resting-state neuroimaging data were analyzed with a seed-based approach to investigate functional connectivity with four canonical resting-state networks: the default mode network, the dorsal attention network, the executive control network, and the salience network. At baseline, the MDD group was characterized by relative hyperconnectivity of multiple regions with precuneus, anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seeds and by relative hypoconnectivity with intraparietal sulcus, anterior insula, and dACC seeds. Additionally, connectivity of the precuneus with the left middle temporal gyrus and connectivity of the dACC with the parahippocampal gyrus predicted the magnitude of pretreatment MDD symptoms. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that response to psychotherapy in the MDD group was predicted by pretreatment connectivity of the right insula with the right middle temporal gyrus and the left intraparietal sulcus with the orbital frontal cortex. These results add to the nascent body of literature investigating pretreatment rs-fcMRI predictors of antidepressant treatment response and is the first study to examine rs-fcMRI predictors of response to psychotherapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Resting-State Connectivity Predictors of Response to Psychotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder

Crowther

Smoski

Minkel

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, OCD patients reported experiencing unpleasant odors as subjectively more unpleasant and intense in relation to their increased anterior insula response, and they experienced pleasant odors as less pleasant (numerically), and less intense in the case of vanilla, than HC. It may be that, similar to patients with major depression (Watters and Williams, 2011), OCD patients have a negative cognitive bias and experience all stimuli, regardless of sensory domain, as being slightly more negative than HC, so even “pleasurable” stimuli are experienced as less pleasant (Jhung et al, 2010), although this hypothesis is speculative and requires further investigation. Patients’ increased insular reactivity to both pleasant and unpleasant odors might reflect their propensity to experience negative emotions, which might be a vulnerability factor for OCD (Schienle et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered olfactory processing and increased insula activity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: An fMRI study

Berlin

Stern

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients show increased insula activation to disgust-inducing images compared to healthy controls (HC). We explored whether this disgust reactivity was also present in the olfactory domain by conducting the first fMRI study of olfaction in OCD. Neural activation in response to pleasant and unpleasant odors (vs. unscented air) was investigated in 15 OCD and 15 HC participants using fMRI. OCD participants (vs. HC) had increased left anterior insula activation to unpleasant odors (vs. unscented air), which positively correlated with their disgust sensitivity and ratings of the unpleasantness and intensity of those odors. OCD participants (vs. HC) showed increased activation of caudate nucleus and left anterior and posterior insula to pleasant odors (vs. unscented air), which positively correlated with their OCD symptom severity, trait anxiety, frequency of feeling disgust, and odor intensity ratings. OCD participants had increased anterior insula activation to both pleasant and unpleasant odors, which correlated with their OCD symptoms, anxiety, disgust sensitivity, and frequency of feeling disgust. OCD patients might have a negative cognitive bias and experience all stimuli, regardless of valence, as being more unpleasant than healthy people. These findings further elucidate the neural underpinnings of OCD and may contribute to more effective treatments.

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“…Due to the inherent emotional and attentional biases associated with depression (Foland-Ross et al 2013;Watters and Williams 2011), this pattern of enhanced cortical activity appears specific to negatively valenced material in such patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-dimensional modulations of α and γ cortical dynamics following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in Major Depressive Disorder

Schoenberg

Speckens

2014

Cogn Neurodyn

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To illuminate candidate neural working mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in the treatment of recurrent depressive disorder, parallel to the potential interplays between modulations in electrocortical dynamics and depressive symptom severity and self-compassionate experience. Linear and nonlinear α and γ EEG oscillatory dynamics were examined concomitant to an affective Go/NoGo paradigm, pre-to-post MBCT or natural wait-list, in 51 recurrent depressive patients. Specific EEG variables investigated were; (1) induced eventrelated (de-) synchronisation (ERD/ERS), (2) evoked power, and (3) inter-/intra-hemispheric coherence. Secondary clinical measures included depressive severity and experiences of self-compassion. MBCT significantly downregulated α and γ power, reflecting increased cortical excitability. Enhanced α-desynchronisation/ERD was observed for negative material opposed to attenuated α-ERD towards positively valenced stimuli, suggesting activation of neural networks usually hypoactive in depression, related to positive emotion regulation. MBCT-related increase in left-intra-hemispheric α-coherence of the fronto-parietal circuit aligned with these synchronisation dynamics. Ameliorated depressive severity and increased self-compassionate experience pre-to-post MBCT correlated with α-ERD change. The multi-dimensional neural mechanisms of MBCT pertain to task-specific linear and non-linear neural synchronisation and connectivity network dynamics. We propose MBCT-related modulations in differing cortical oscillatory bands have discrete excitatory (enacting positive emotionality) and inhibitory (disengaging from negative material) effects, where mediation in the α and γ bands relates to the former.

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Negative biases and risk for depression; integrating self-report and emotion task markers

Cited by 50 publications

References 93 publications

Resting-State Connectivity Predictors of Response to Psychotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder

Resting-State Connectivity Predictors of Response to Psychotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder

Altered olfactory processing and increased insula activity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: An fMRI study

Multi-dimensional modulations of α and γ cortical dynamics following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in Major Depressive Disorder

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