1975
DOI: 10.1126/science.189.4199.289
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Nectar: Its Production and Functions in Trumpet Creeper

Abstract: Studies of the trumpet creeper, Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. (Bignoniaceae), reveal five distinct nectary systems, a phenomenon never before reported among temperate zone plants. Ant activity, centered around the four extrafloral systems, clearly demonstrates the ant-guard symbiosis usually associated only with tropical or subtropical species. Floral nectar, an attractant for hummingbird and bumblebee pollinators, differs chemically from the ant-attracting nectar produced extraflorally.

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Cited by 68 publications
(43 citation statements)
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“…ln other respects, our knowledge of the rôle of extrafloral nectarics in the life ofthe plants is limited cxccpt the ecological function. Extrafloral ncctarics benefit plants by attracting ants that reduce the lcvcl of herbivore and sced prcdator damages or by attracting parasitoids that protect the plant by parasitizing herbivores (Elias and Gelband, 1975 ; Bentlcy, 1976 Bentlcy, , 1977 Kccler, 1977;Beckmann and Stanley, 1981;Koptur, 1980Koptur, , 1981 IIespcnheidc, 1985).…”
Section: Letires Botaniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…ln other respects, our knowledge of the rôle of extrafloral nectarics in the life ofthe plants is limited cxccpt the ecological function. Extrafloral ncctarics benefit plants by attracting ants that reduce the lcvcl of herbivore and sced prcdator damages or by attracting parasitoids that protect the plant by parasitizing herbivores (Elias and Gelband, 1975 ; Bentlcy, 1976 Bentlcy, , 1977 Kccler, 1977;Beckmann and Stanley, 1981;Koptur, 1980Koptur, , 1981 IIespcnheidc, 1985).…”
Section: Letires Botaniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…leur présence réduit Je nombre d'insectes prédateurs du feuillage ou des graines. Ces relations de mutualisme ont été signalées par de nombreux auteurs (Elias et Gelband, 1975 ;Bentley, 1976 ; Kea/er, 1977 ;Beckmann et Stanley, 1981 ;Koptur, 1980Koptur, , 1981Hespenheide, 1985).En revanche, il existe très peu de travaux consacrés aux fonctions physiologiques des nectaires extrafloraux. Ils ont été successivement envisagés comme des réservoirs à glucides utilisables dans la croissance des jeunes organes (Bonnier, 1878), comme des •puits• capables de stimuler le transport des glucides vers les parties jeunes dela plante (Ziegler, 1965), comme de simples lieux de pertes de sucres (Meyber et Kristen, 1981 ;Southwick, 1984), comme des systèmes rentrant en compétition avec d'autres organes consommateurs de glucides (Gaillochet et Faucher, 1982; Corbet et De/fosse, 1984) ou encore comme ·soupape de sûreté" permettant d'éliminer l'excédent de glucides d'un organe particulier (Frey-Wissling, 1933;Zimmermann, 1953;Mound, 1962 ;Maheshwari et Chakrabarty, 1966).…”
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“…Available studies have shown EFN visitors to provide protection to the plant from damage, including flowerrobbing (Elias and Gelband, 1975;Keeler, 1977), seed loss (Bentley, 1977b;Deuth, 1977;Inouye and Taylor, 1979;Keeler, 1980;Pickett and Clark, 1979) and leaf damage (Keeler, 1977;Tilman, 1978). Bentley (1977a) reviewed the literature regarding protection of plants by EFNs. Little is known about the distribution and abundance of plants with EFNs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%