Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Apophysomyces elegans Complicating Soft-Tissue and Pelvic Injuries in a Tsunami Survivor from Thailand

Snell, Broughton J.; Tavakoli, Kourosh

doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000233624.34950.f8

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Of 74 well-documented cases of Apophysomyces elegans infections, almost half (49%) developed secondary to trauma (Table 2), including motor vehicle accidents (n ϭ 15 [50%]), contamination of burn wounds (n ϭ 2), and inoculation via insect stings (n ϭ 2) or a spider bite (n ϭ 1) ( Table 2). Soft tissue infections and necrotizing fasciitis caused by Apophysomyces elegans have also been described for immunocompetent victims of natural disasters, such as tsunamis (19,315). Health care-associated Apophysomyces elegans infections were reported for 11 patients following surgery (n ϭ 4) (8,178,205), intramuscular or subcutaneous injections (n ϭ 5) (55,58,64), and skin tests using snapdragon flowers (n ϭ 2) (36,187).…”

Section: Apophysomyces Elegans Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

2011

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SUMMARY Rhizopus , Mucor , and Lichtheimia (formerly Absidia ) species are the most common members of the order Mucorales that cause mucormycosis, accounting for 70 to 80% of all cases. In contrast, Cunninghamella , Apophysomyces , Saksenaea , Rhizomucor , Cokeromyces , Actinomucor , and Syncephalastrum species individually are responsible for fewer than 1 to 5% of reported cases of mucormycosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis of, treatment of, and prognosis for unusual Mucormycetes infections (non- Rhizopus , - Mucor , and - Lichtheimia species). The infections caused by these less frequent members of the order Mucorales frequently differ in their epidemiology, geographic distribution, and disease manifestations. Cunninghamella bertholletiae and Rhizomucor pusillus affect primarily immunocompromised hosts, mostly resulting from spore inhalation, causing pulmonary and disseminated infections with high mortality rates. R. pusillus infections are nosocomial or health care related in a large proportion of cases. While Apophysomyces elegans and Saksenaea vasiformis are occasionally responsible for infections in immunocompromised individuals, most cases are encountered in immunocompetent individuals as a result of trauma, leading to soft tissue infections with relatively low mortality rates. Increased knowledge of the epidemiology and clinical presentations of these unusual Mucormycetes infections may improve early diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: Apophysomyces Elegans Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…on May 10, 2018 by guest http://cmr.asm.org/ also underwent surgical interventions (19,103,315,332).…”

Section: Apophysomyces Elegans Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

2011

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“…Hyperbaric oxygen therapy also has been used as adjunct therapy, but evidence of its effectiveness remains limited, considering that patients underwent surgical interventions [15][16][17].…”

Section: Management Of the Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutaneous Apophysomyces infections presenting as necrotizing fasciitis have been reported most frequently in immunocompetent survivors of natural disasters such as tsunamis [15] and volcanic eruptions [16]. The outbreak of necrotizing cutaneous Apophysomyces mucormycosis in Joplin, however, is believed to be the first known cluster of infections involving survivors of a tornado [3].…”

Section: Introduction and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Mucormycosis in Tornado Survivors

Lewis

2011

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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A total of 18 suspected cases of cutaneous mucormycosis were identified in survivors of the May 2011 tornado in Joplin, Missouri. Apophysomyces trapeziformis was identified in 13 of the patients with microbiologically or histologically proven infection by DNA sequencing. Apophysomyces are classically associated with necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections following traumatic inoculation of the fungal spores. Although cases of Apophysomyces infection were previously reported in survivors of tsunamis and volcanic eruptions, this is believed to be the first reported case series of cutaneous mucormycosis in tornado survivors.

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“…Rhizopus oryzae was the most commonly isolated organism [3]. Infection with mucorales has also been reported to occur as a consequence of natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions [20] and tsunami [21,22]. In some reports, the victims had multiple sites of necrotizing fasciitis due to R. arrhizus, Apophysomyces elegans and others.…”

Section: Seasonal Variation Of Human Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Mucormycosis: A Review on Environmental Fungal Spores and Seasonal Variation of Human Disease

El-Herte¹,

Baban²,

Kanj³

2012

AID

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Mucormycosis is on the rise especially among patients with immunosuppressive conditions. There seems to be more cases seen at the end of summer and towards early autumn. Several studies have attempted to look at the seasonal variations of fungal pathogens in variou indoor and outdoor settings. Only two reports, both from the Middle East, have addressed the relationship of mucormycosis in human disease with climate conditions. In this paper we review, the relationship of indoor and outdoor fungal particulates to the weather conditions and the reported seasonal variation of human cases.

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Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Apophysomyces elegans Complicating Soft-Tissue and Pelvic Injuries in a Tsunami Survivor from Thailand

Cited by 38 publications

References 4 publications

Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

Mucormycosis Caused by Unusual Mucormycetes, Non-Rhizopus, -Mucor, and -Lichtheimia Species

Cutaneous Mucormycosis in Tornado Survivors

Mucormycosis: A Review on Environmental Fungal Spores and Seasonal Variation of Human Disease

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