Neck strains and sprains among motor vehicle occupants—United States, 2000

Quinlan, Kyran; Annest, Joseph L.; Myers, Barry S.; Ryan, George W.; Hill, Howard

doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(02)00110-0

Cited by 123 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Sprain and strain are common in the neck, especially after motor vehicle accidents [12]. Sprain is defined as an articular injury with rupture of the supporting ligamentous fibers without severance, and strain as resulting from extreme exercise, sports activities, or physical use of a body part.…”

Section: Neck Sprain and Whiplash Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Gamma Correction Pinhole Bone Scans in Trauma

Bahk

Chung

Park

2012

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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99m Tc-hydroxydiphosphonate (HDP) bone scanning is a classic metabolic nuclear imaging method and the most frequently performed examination. Clinically, it has long been cherished as an indispensable diagnostic screening tool and for monitoring of patients with bone, joint, and soft tissue diseases. The HDP bone scan, the pinhole scan in particular, is known for its ability to detect increased, decreased, or defective tracer uptake along with magnified anatomy. Unfortunately, however, the findings of such uptake changes are not specific in many traumatic bone disorders, especially when lesions are minute and complex. This study discusses the recently introduced gamma correction pinhole bone scan (GCPBS), emphasizing its usefulness in the diagnosis of traumatic bone diseases including occult fractures; cervical sprains; whiplash injury; bone marrow edema; trabecular microfractures; evident, gaping, and stress fractures; and fish vertebra. Indeed, GCPBS can remarkably enhance the diagnostic feasibility of HDP pinhole bone scans by refining the topography, pathologic anatomy, and altered chemical profile of the traumatic diseases in question.The fine and precise depiction of anatomic and metabolic changes in these diseases has been shown to be unique to GCPBS, and they are not appreciated on conventional radiographs, multiple detector CT, or ultrasonographs. It is true that MR imaging can portray proton change, but understandably, it is a manifestation that is common to any bone disease.

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Section: Neck Sprain and Whiplash Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Gamma Correction Pinhole Bone Scans in Trauma

Bahk

Chung

Park

2012

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…21,25,[27][28][29]40,41,43,46 These studies are from different time periods, different settings, and span five different countries (Sweden, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, the United States and Canada).…”

Section: Cumulative Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden and Determinants of Neck Pain in Whiplash-Associated Disorders After Traffic Collisions

et al. 2008

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Study Design. Best evidence synthesis. Objective. To undertake a best evidence synthesis on the burden and determinants of whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) after traffic collisions.Summary of Background Data. Previous best evidence synthesis on WAD has noted a lack of evidence regarding incidence of and risk factors for WAD. Therefore there was a warrant of a reanalyze of this body of research. Methods.A systematic search of Medline was conducted. The reviewers looked for studies on neck pain and its associated disorders published 1980 -2006. Each relevant study was independently and critically reviewed by rotating pairs of reviewers. Data from studies judged to have acceptable internal validity (scientifically admissible) were abstracted into evidence tables, and provide the body of the best evidence synthesis.Results. The authors found 32 scientifically admissible studies related to the burden and determinants of WAD. In the Western world, visits to emergency rooms due to WAD have increased over the past 30 years. The annual cumulative incidence of WAD differed substantially between countries. They found that occupant seat position and collision impact direction were associated with WAD in one study. Eliminating insurance payments for pain and suffering were associated with a lower incidence of WAD injury claims in one study. Younger ages and being a female were both associated with filing claims or seeking care for WAD, although the evidence is not consistent. Preliminary evidence suggested that headrests/car seats, aimed to limiting head extension during rear-end collisions had a preventive effect on reporting WAD, especially in females.Conclusion. WAD after traffic collisions affects many people. Despite many years of research, the evidence regarding risk factors for WAD is sparse but seems to include personal, societal, and environmental factors. More research including, well-defined studies with accurate denominators for calculating risk, and better consideration of confounding factors, are needed.

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“…1 It is now believed that there are 1.5 million such injuries in the United States annually and that the total annual economic cost for all motor vehicle crashes in the United States is $164 billion, whereas the total annual comprehensive cost-an index that considers economic and quality-of-life costs-is $346 billion. 2 Neck injuries themselves comprise the single largest group of injuries in motor vehicle crashes, 1 thus imposing a substantial public health burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human subject rear passenger symptom response to frontal car-to-car low-speed crash tests

Croft

Eldridge²

2011

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether healthy adult volunteers report symptoms following exposure to low-speed frontal crashes at low velocities. Methods: Nineteen medically screened, healthy, informed, and willing volunteers (17 men, 2 women; mean age, 37 years) were exposed to low-speed frontal crashes. All volunteers were seated in the rear seat position of the bullet vehicle. Closing velocities ranged from 4.1 to 8.3 mph (mean, 6.7 mph). For the bullet vehicle, the delta V ranged from 1.4 to 3.9 mph with a mean of 2.8 mph.Results: Eighty-eight percent of volunteers attributed symptoms of discomfort to their crash exposure. All reported symptoms were transient, and none required medical treatment. The mean duration was 1 day. Conclusions: Even at relatively low speeds, there is no lower threshold below which it can be reasonably assumed that healthy and prepared volunteer rear seat passengers will not sustain some level of minor injury in a frontal collision. Although the reported mean delta V for injured persons in real-world frontal crashes has been reported to be as high as 8.1 mph, this does not offer any insight into the minimum threshold for such injuries among all at-risk vehicle occupants.

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Neck strains and sprains among motor vehicle occupants—United States, 2000

Cited by 123 publications

References 8 publications

Use of Gamma Correction Pinhole Bone Scans in Trauma

Use of Gamma Correction Pinhole Bone Scans in Trauma

The Burden and Determinants of Neck Pain in Whiplash-Associated Disorders After Traffic Collisions

Human subject rear passenger symptom response to frontal car-to-car low-speed crash tests

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