Nearpoint Phorias After Nearwork Predict ADHD Symptoms in College Students

Wilmer, Jeremy; Buchanan, Gregory M.

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3181b2f403

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Other studies examine whether or not variability in visual tasks predict non-visual abilities or performance. Orlansky et al (2015) found that variability in astigmatism measured in preschool-aged children predicted various forms of reduced academic readiness in various developmental and educational domains, and Wilmer and Buchanan (2009) found that nearpoint phorias after near work predict ADHD symptoms in college students.…”

Section: The Value Of Research On Individual Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in visual science: What can be learned and what is good experimental practice?

et al. 2017

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We all pass out our lives in private perceptual worlds. The differences in our sensory and perceptual experiences often go unnoticed until there emerges a variation (such as ‘The Dress’) that is large enough to generate different descriptions in the coarse coinage of our shared language. In this essay, we illustrate how individual differences contribute to a richer understanding of visual perception, but we also indicate some potential pitfalls that face the investigator who ventures into the field.

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Section: The Value Of Research On Individual Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in visual science: What can be learned and what is good experimental practice?

et al. 2017

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“…For this reason, this matter should be investigated, as these subjects have a high visual demand, using their near vision for many hours. Wilmer and Buchanan have found that nearpoint phorias (phorias that differ from the median phoria in either a convergent or divergent direction) measured after near work predict a broad range of symptoms in college students, showing that whatever binocular mechanism is involved (convergence or divergence), the association with symptoms has its effect only after near work and at near point.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodative and binocular dysfunctions: prevalence in a randomised sample of university students

García-Muñoz

Carbonell-Bonete

Cantó-Cerdán

et al. 2016

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…Although some studies have obtained data on visual symptomatology in university students [23], there are a lack of studies analyzing the negative effects of excessive use of near vision. Due to the high visual demand for several hours [24], it has been observed that near-point measurements after near work are predictive of symptoms in students, which shows that a responsible mechanism produces this symptomatology after a continuous effort in near vision [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodation Response Variations in University Students under High Demand for Near-Vision Activity

De-Hita-Cantalejo

Benítez-Rodríguez

Sánchez-González

et al. 2022

Life

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The objective of this study was to investigate accommodation changes and visual discomfort in a university student population after a period of high demand for near-vision activity. A total of 50 university students aged between 20 and 22 years were recruited. The tests performed involved positive relative accommodation (PRA), negative relative accommodation (NRA), accommodation amplitude (AA), and monocular and binocular accommodative facility (MAF and BAF). Visual discomfort was measured on a scale involving a visual discomfort questionnaire (VDQ). All accommodative variables underwent changes during the exam period; specifically, regarding NRA and PRA, 30.4% and 15.1% of the studied population, respectively, appeared to be below average. Moreover, 42.3% of the population exhibited values below average in the second measure of AA. On the other hand, a small percentage of the population was below average in MAF and BAF measurements: 3% in the monocular right eye test, 6% in the left eye test, and 9.1% in the binocular facility test. Finally, the VDQ score did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the two measurements. Prolonged near-distance work, such as a university exams period, changed all accommodation systems (amplitude of accommodation, relative accommodation, and accommodation facility). These changes influence an accommodation excess that results in blurred vision, headache, and problems with focusing.

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Nearpoint Phorias After Nearwork Predict ADHD Symptoms in College Students

Abstract: Phorias postnearwork, but not prenearwork, predicted self-reported ADHD-related symptoms in college students. These results link binocular imbalance immediately after sustained nearwork to symptoms theorized to result from nearwork-induced visual stress.

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Individual differences in visual science: What can be learned and what is good experimental practice?

Individual differences in visual science: What can be learned and what is good experimental practice?

Accommodative and binocular dysfunctions: prevalence in a randomised sample of university students

Accommodation Response Variations in University Students under High Demand for Near-Vision Activity

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