Near work‐induced transient myopia in Indian subjects

Sivaraman, Viswanathan; Rizwana, Jameel H; Ramani, Krishna Kumar; Price, Holly; Calver, Richard; Pardhan, Shahina; Vasudevan, Balamurali; Allen, Peter M.

doi:10.1111/cxo.12306

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In Indian individuals with myopia, an initial posttask myopic shift of 0.21 D was observed for the initial NITM. 19 We presume that variation in age, degree of myopia, and duration of near work are factors that influence the initial magnitude of NITM.…”

Section: ) (D)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Topical 0.01% Atropine for Controlling Near Work-Induced Transient Myopia: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study

Guo

Fan

Tao

et al. 2020

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of topical low-concentration (0.01%) atropine for controlling near work-induced transient myopia (NITM) in a young Chinese population. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. The participants were randomly divided into the 0.5% hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose-treated group (control group) or 0.01% atropine-treated group (study group). Participants' pulse rate, respiration rate, intraocular pressure, pupil diameter, and magnitude of initial NITM were evaluated at baseline and on day 7 and 14 during treatment. In addition, ocular discomfort and adverse effects were recorded. Results: Of the initial 176 participants, 145 (82.4%) completed the 14-day treatment and all evaluations. At baseline, no difference in the magnitude of initial NITM was observed between the control and study groups (P = 0.826). However, the magnitude of initial NITM of the study group was significantly lower at both day 7 (-0.11 -0.227 D) and day 14 (0.076 -0.183 D) after treatment initiation, compared with the magnitude of initial NITM in the control group (P < 0.001). No serious complications were observed. However, significantly larger pupil diameters were noted on day 7 and 14 in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: We speculate that daily topical 0.01% atropine application effectively reduced the magnitude of initial NITM, without any serious complications. The minimal pupil dilation induced by the treatment was acceptable. Low-concentration atropine may be useful in clinical settings as treatment for young patients with NITM.

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Section: ) (D)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Topical 0.01% Atropine for Controlling Near Work-Induced Transient Myopia: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study

Guo

Fan

Tao

et al. 2020

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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“…18 Other studies showed association of near work with increase in myopia. 19,20 The limitation of this study is that it is a crosssectional study where further follow up of patients was not done. Future studies will be carried out for a longer follow-up to determine the effect of smart phone usage upon the progression of myopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-relation of Myopia with the Use of Smart Phones and Outdoor Activities

Imtiaz¹,

Sharjeel²,

Malik³

2020

pak J Ophthalmol

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Purpose: To determine the frequency of myopia among children and to find out the role of smart phone usage and outdoor activities in myopia development and progression. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology department DHQ-UTH Gujranwala, from January 2019 to June 2019. Methods: After approval from the hospital ethical committee and informed consent from each participant, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample size of 250 patients. Patients of either gender between 4 – 14 years of age using smart phones for ≥ 2 hours daily and found to have refractive error were included in this study. Routine ophthalmic examination was carried out, data was recorded on proforma, and daily usage of smart phones and weekly outdoor activity in hours along with school grade, family history and previous history of using refractive glasses was also determined and documented. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.20 Results: 250 patients were included in this study, out of which 142 (56.8%) were male and 108 (43.2%) were female. Mean age was 10.1 ± 2.45 years. Mean outdoor activity was 0.95 ± 0.98 hours per week while mean daily smart phone usage was 2.89 ± 0.93 hours. Pearson correlation coefficient for daily smart phone usage and UCVA was +0.297 (0.3) which showed a positive moderate association between two variables while the value obtained for UCVA and weekly outdoor activity was – 0.51 that depicted a negative strong association. Conclusions: In conclusion, myopia occurrence is higher among smart phone users showing a moderate positive correlation while outdoor activities reduce myopia prevalence and progression depicting strong negative correlation. Key Words: Refractive Errors, Myopia, Visual acuity, Smartphone.

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“…All the participants with a variant myopic presentation had reduced accommodative facility values in both the eyes, though this was not statistically significantly different from the Indian clinical norms. [ 34 35 ] It is also well established in the literature that the accommodative characteristics in Indian eyes are different, especially low among myopes. [ 29 36 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variant myopia: A new presentation?

Hussaindeen

Anand

Sivaraman

et al. 2018

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Purpose:Variant myopia (VM) presents as a discrepancy of >1 diopter (D) between subjective and objective refraction, without the presence of any accommodative dysfunction. The purpose of this study is to create a clinical profile of VM.Methods:Fourteen eyes of 12 VM patients who had a discrepancy of >1D between retinoscopy and subjective acceptance under both cycloplegic and noncycloplegic conditions were included in the study. Fourteen eyes of 14 age- and refractive error-matched participants served as controls. Potential participants underwent a comprehensive orthoptic examination followed by retinoscopy (Ret), closed-field autorefractor (CA), subjective acceptance (SA), choroidal and retinal thickness, ocular biometry, and higher order spherical aberrations measurements.Results:In the VM eyes, a statistically and clinically significant difference was noted between the Ret and CA and Ret and SA under both cycloplegic and noncycloplegic conditions (multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance, P < 0.0001). A statistically significant difference was observed between the VM eyes, non-VM eyes, and controls for choroidal thickness in all the quadrants (Univariate ANOVA P < 0.05). The VM eyes had thinner choroids (197.21 ± 13.04 μ) compared to the non-VM eyes (249.25 ± 53.70 μ) and refractive error-matched controls (264.62 ± 12.53 μ). No statistically significant differences between groups in root mean square of total higher order aberrations and spherical aberration were observed.Conclusion:Accommodative etiology does not play a role in the refractive discrepancy seen in individuals with the variant myopic presentation. These individuals have thinner choroids in the eye with variant myopic presentation compared to the fellow eyes and controls. Hypotheses and clinical implications of variant myopia are discussed.

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Near work‐induced transient myopia in Indian subjects

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Use of Topical 0.01% Atropine for Controlling Near Work-Induced Transient Myopia: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study

Use of Topical 0.01% Atropine for Controlling Near Work-Induced Transient Myopia: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study

Co-relation of Myopia with the Use of Smart Phones and Outdoor Activities

Variant myopia: A new presentation?

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