Near-infrared uncaging or photosensitizing dictated by oxygen tension

Photochemical reactions can dramatically alter physical characteristics of reacted molecules. In this study, we demonstrate that near-infrared (NIR) light induces an axial ligand-releasing reaction, which dramatically alters hydrophilicity of a silicon phthalocyanine derivative (IR700) dye leading to a change in the shape of the conjugate and its propensity to aggregate in aqueous solution. This photochemical reaction is proposed as a major mechanism of cell death induced by NIR photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), which was recently developed as a molecularly targeted cancer therapy. Once the antibody-IR700 conjugate is bound to its target, activation by NIR light causes physical changes in the shape of antibody antigen complexes that are thought to induce physical stress within the cellular membrane leading to increases in transmembrane water flow that eventually lead to cell bursting and necrotic cell death.

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“…In total, the photolytic reaction involves radical anion production from the triplet excited state. 16 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced Ligand Release from a Silicon Phthalocyanine Dye Conjugated with Monoclonal Antibodies: A Mechanism of Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity after Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy

et al. 2018

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“…After 20 min, 10 µL of the fluorescent probe DCFH‐DA (10 × 10 −3 m ) was injected directly into the tumors, and after 30 min of injection, the tumor‐bearing mice were exposed directly to the focused ultrasound for 3 min. After various treatments, a portion of tumor tissue was collected and cryosectioned at 10 µm thickness, stained with DAPI, and then was imaged by a fluorescence microscopy …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosonosensitization by Using Copper–Cysteamine Nanoparticles Augmented Sonodynamic Cancer Treatment

Wang

et al. 2018

Part & Part Syst Charact

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Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as a newly emerging and promising modality for cancer treatment, has been extensively investigated but with limited therapeutic outcome because of the absence of highly efficient sonosensitizer. Copper–cysteamine (Cu–Cy), as a new sensitizer, has been reported for oxidative therapy which can be activated with light, X‐ray, or microwave. Herein, for the first time, Cu–Cy nanoparticles are reported as new sonosensitizers for SDT on breast cancer treatment. Upon exposure of Cu–Cy nanoparticles to ultrasound, a large quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated for cancer cell destruction with a high SDT efficiency to induce cell apoptosis and necrosis as observed in vitro. In vivo animal studies show a significant inhibition of tumor growth for the xenografts of 4T1 cancer cells with the combination of 0.75 mg kg−1 Cu–Cy and ultrasound. Overall, the preliminary results show that Cu–Cy nanoparticles can significantly augment the levels of ROS induced by ultrasound, demonstrating Cu–Cy is a new kind of efficient sonosensitzers for SDT applications. Such therapeutic platform by integrating a noninvasive, highly safe, deep‐penetration ultrasound modality. and quickly developed versatile nanosensitizers for tumor eradication will facilitate SDT future clinical translation.

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“…In the latter case, photohomolysis of the N-N bond in nitrosamines to release aminyl radical only converts to the amine product after H-atom scavenging, and this causes low product yields and complex reaction mixtures. Thus, there is the potential to design the amine photorelease not only for NIR activation (19)(20)(21)(22), but with carbamates linkers so that a b-elimination ensues (23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanine Modification Tuned for Amine Photorelease

Mathew

Greer

2019

Photochem & Photobiology

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Cyanines are emerging as useful agents for photoreleasing biological compounds because of their capability of utilizing near‐infrared (NIR) light. Another benefit is their ability to self‐sensitize to produce singlet oxygen for the release of aryl amines, a process that has not been as feasible in the past. Here, we highlight the paper by Schnermann et al. (https://doi.org/10.1111/php.13090), which reports on a cyanine conjugate for heterolytic photocleavage of aryl amines. This paper is timely—delving into a photorelease mechanism involving a domino rearrangement and β‐elimination triggered by NIR light.

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Near-infrared uncaging or photosensitizing dictated by oxygen tension

Cited by 81 publications

References 56 publications

Photoinduced Ligand Release from a Silicon Phthalocyanine Dye Conjugated with Monoclonal Antibodies: A Mechanism of Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity after Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy

Photoinduced Ligand Release from a Silicon Phthalocyanine Dye Conjugated with Monoclonal Antibodies: A Mechanism of Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity after Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy

Nanosonosensitization by Using Copper–Cysteamine Nanoparticles Augmented Sonodynamic Cancer Treatment

Cyanine Modification Tuned for Amine Photorelease

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