Near‐Infrared IIb Fluorescence Imaging of Vascular Regeneration with Dynamic Tissue Perfusion Measurement and High Spatial Resolution

Abstract

Real-time optical imaging is a promising approach for visualizing in vivo hemodynamics and vascular structure in mice with experimentally induced peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We report the application of a novel fluorescence-based all-optical imaging approach in the near-infrared IIb (NIR-IIb, 1500–1700 nm emission) window, for imaging hindlimb microvasculature and blood perfusion in a mouse model of PAD. In phantom studies, lead sulfide/cadmium sulfide (PbS/CdS) quantum dots showed better retention of image clarity, in comparison with single-walled nanotube (SWNT) NIR-IIa (1000–1400nm) dye, at varying depths of penetration. When systemically injected to mice, PbS/CdS demonstrated improved clarity of the vasculature, compared to SWNTs, as well as higher spatial resolution than in vivo microscopic computed tomography. In a mouse model of PAD, NIR-IIb imaging of the ischemic hindlimb vasculature showed significant improvement in blood perfusion over the course of 10 days (P<0.05), as well as a significant increase in microvascular density over the first 7 days after induction of PAD. In conclusion, NIR-IIb imaging of PbS/CdS vascular contrast agent is a useful multi-functional imaging approach for high spatial resolution imaging of the microvasculature and quantification of blood perfusion recovery.

Excretable Lanthanide Nanoparticle for Biomedical Imaging and Surgical Navigation in the Second Near‐Infrared Window

“…2019, 6,1902042 By contrast, the vasculature structure of the normal side of hind limb remained unchanged. Sci.…”

“…Especially at 72 h after intravenous administration, the fluorescence accumulation in the liver dropped over 90%. 2019, 6,1902042 3). [42] (Figure 3j; Figure S4 and Table S1, Supporting Information) In addition, ICP-MS analysis of liver at 72 h exhibited an over 98% decline compared to the level of 16 h postinjection, and ICP-MS result of spleen at 72 h reached to the normal level compared to the control.…”

“…Moreover, a 2.5× camera lens was performed to detect the high-magnification NIR-II imaging of hind limb vessels (Figure 4b). 2019, 6,1902042 preclinically, a complete femoral arterial thrombus murine model was established and used for imaging. [47][48][49][50] In particular, acute thrombus detached from vessel leads to life-threatening complications including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and pulmonary embolism (PE).…”

“…2019, 6,1902042 RENPs@Lips, with high potential for widespread applications and future translation in interdisciplinary amalgamation of research in diverse fields. Sci.…”

Design of AIEgens for near-infrared IIb imaging through structural modulation at molecular and morphological levels

“…However, fluorophores emitting in the NIR-IIb region are seldom reported. Until recently, remarkable accomplishments have been made by inorganic materials, including quantum dots (QDs) [11][12][13] , rareearth-doped nanoparticles (RENPs) [14][15][16] , and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) 17 , exemplifying the increased resolution for in vivo vessel and tumor imaging. As an alternative, organic materials with the merits of potential biodegradability, salient biocompatibility and ease of processability, hold considerable promise for NIR-IIb imaging 18 .…”