Near Infrared for Non-Destructive Testing of Articular Cartilage

Application of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for determining the thickness of articular cartilage

“…This paper does not intend to review these methods and hence the scope is limited to the consideration of the near infrared technique. The depth penetrating capacity of near infrared (approximately 8.5 mm in neonatal head [18]), provides a distinct advantage for probing full-thickness cartilage-on-bone (which is between 1 and 4 mm in humans) as demonstrated by the limited number of published studies [19][20][21][22]24]. Application of NIR probing for the properties of articular cartilage is fast developing, e.g.…”

“…Currently, non-mechanical systems such as near infrared [19,21,22], ultrasound [3] and magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, [23] are being developed for characterizing this important tissue with the aim of potential clinical application and research. This paper does not intend to review these methods and hence the scope is limited to the consideration of the near infrared technique.…”

Non-destructive evaluation of articular cartilage defects using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in osteoarthritic rat models and its direct relation to Mankin score

“…10e14 We have recently correlated NIR spectra with cartilage viability. 15 The conditions and requirements for adapting NIR for assessing the integrity of articular cartilage have not been reported in the literature. Questions such as whether or not probe vibration during sample scanning affects the output spectrum, and the regions of the spectrum suitable for reliable evaluation of the tissue's structural viability, require answering.…”

An Innovative Agent-Based Cellular Automata Framework for Simulating Articular Cartilage Biomechanics

“…Recently, non-destructive techniques, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scan, were used to determine physical characteristics of cartilage, such as thickness [12,102,117]. Traditional MRI techniques were used for diagnosis by detecting morphological changes of cartilage such as tears and tissue narrowing [118].…”

“…Mechanical properties of articular cartilage were measured in the laboratory (Section 2.5). The thickness of articular cartilage can be measured destructively via needle probing [99] and stereophotographic techniques [100], and non-destructively via ultrasonic [101] and near-infrared (NIR) techniques [102]. Hydrostatic pore pressure of the loaded tissue under consolidation condition at the margin adjacent to the subchondral bone was measured using a miniature consolidometer [64].…”