Near-absolute Hugoniot measurements in aluminum to 500 GPa using a magnetically accelerated flyer plate technique

Abstract

Hugoniot measurements were performed on aluminum (6061-T6) in the stress range of 100–500 GPa (1–5 Mbar) using a magnetically accelerated flyer plate technique. This method of flyer plate launch utilizes the high currents, and resulting magnetic fields produced at the Sandia Z Accelerator to accelerate macroscopic aluminum flyer plates (approximately 12×25 mm in lateral dimension and ∼300 μm in thickness) to velocities in excess of 20 km/s. This technique was used to perform plate-impact shock-wave experiments on aluminum to determine the high-stress equation of state (EOS). Using a near-symmetric impact method, Hugoniot measurements were obtained in the stress range of 100–500 GPa. The results of these experiments are in excellent agreement with previously reported Hugoniot measurements of aluminum in this stress range. The agreement at lower stress, where highly accurate gas gun data exist, establishes the magnetically accelerated flyer plate technique as a suitable method for generating EOS data. Furthermore, the present results exhibit increased accuracy over the previous techniques used to obtain data in the higher-stress range. This improved accuracy enhances our understanding of the response of aluminum to 500 GPa, and lends increased confidence to the use of aluminum as a standard material in future impedance matching experiments.

Hypervelocity impact flash for missile-defense kill assessment and engagement analysis : experiments on Z.

“…(b) Figure 6. Picture and plot illustrating flyer curvature [7]. An interferometer and pin record showing the actual curvature is in (a), and a plot of the arrival times, along with a 2-D numerical simulation is given in (b).…”

“…The impact-flash spectroscopy shots were actually conducted as ride-along experiments on two of a series of shots conducted by Knudsen [7] to study and extend the ability of the Z machine to throw flyers using the ICE approach. The goal of this improved capability is to enable well controlled equation-of-state measurements at ever more extreme conditions.…”

Validating density-functional theory simulations at high energy-density conditions with liquid krypton shock experiments to 850 GPa on Sandia's Z machine

“…A weighted linear fit and parameter correlation matrix for aluminum were calculated from data in Ref. 44. The aluminum Hugoniot state prior to the shock transiting into the liquid krypton was determined using the flyer velocity measured below the target on the quartz window.…”

Equation of state and transport property measurements of warm dense matter.

“…Work on aluminum allowed us to leverage the significant amount of data that has been obtained on the shock and release response of aluminum [5,6]. Although aluminum is one of the most widely studied metals, there is still significant uncertainty in the location of the vapor dome, as well as the nature of the material around the vapor dome.…”