NDMA formation in secondary wastewater effluent

Disinfection Processes

“…NDMA formation in a secondary wastewater was found to depend on temperature, pH, monochloramine dose and contact time; NDMA concentrations could be kept below 10 ng/L with doses up to 2 mg/L as chlorine at temperatures <10°C (Hatt et al, 2013). Shen and Andrews (2013) reported that NDMA can be formed from two amine-based pharmaceuticals, ranitidine and sumatriptan;…”

Applying the water safety plan to water reuse: towards a conceptual risk management framework

“…The water reuse system comprises different treatment technologies and performance of these technologies may decrease over time or can also introduce additional risk to the system 83 . For example, nitrosamines are shown to increase after ozonation and chloramination 87,88 . Validation of treatment process log reductions is another important consideration 21 .…”

Fate of Environmental Pollutants

“…Formation of Nnitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) during disinfection of wastewater for reuse is a particular concern. Experiments conducted on chloramination and chlorination of secondary wastewater done by Hatt et al (2013) In a study by Gu et al (2013), a sewage sludge derived porous carbon (SC), which was prepared by physicochemical activation and carbonization (600 o C), was applied for the adsorption and degradation of 1-diazo- .…”