2010
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.153901
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Naturally Phase-Matched Second-Harmonic Generation in a Whispering-Gallery-Mode Resonator

Abstract: We demonstrate for the first time natural phase matching for optical frequency doubling in a high-Q whispering-gallery-mode resonator made of lithium niobate. A conversion efficiency of 9% is achieved at 30 mu W in-coupled continuous wave pump power. The observed saturation pump power of 3.2 mW is almost 2 orders of magnitude lower than the state-of-the-art value. This suggests an application of our frequency doubler as a source of nonclassical light requiring only a low-power pump, which easily can be quantum… Show more

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Cited by 252 publications
(200 citation statements)
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“…Due to the high quality factor to mode volume ratio, the nonlinear interaction strength is expected to be boosted in optical cavities. Preliminary results in millimeter sized optical resonators have already shown such trend, where efficient second harmonic generation [14,15] and sum frequency generation [16] are demonstrated. However, the realized nonlinear interaction strength on an integrated platform is normally weak, hindered by the challenges of fabricating small size, low loss optical circuits with materials featuring high χ (2) nonlinearity.…”
mentioning
confidence: 94%
“…Due to the high quality factor to mode volume ratio, the nonlinear interaction strength is expected to be boosted in optical cavities. Preliminary results in millimeter sized optical resonators have already shown such trend, where efficient second harmonic generation [14,15] and sum frequency generation [16] are demonstrated. However, the realized nonlinear interaction strength on an integrated platform is normally weak, hindered by the challenges of fabricating small size, low loss optical circuits with materials featuring high χ (2) nonlinearity.…”
mentioning
confidence: 94%
“…In recent years, there has been increasing interest in optical parametric processes in high-Q micro-/nano-cavities, which exhibit great potential for dramatically enhancing parametric generation [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . However, their efficiencies rely crucially on frequency matching among the interacting cavity modes, which is generally deteriorated by device dispersion.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For FWM, a χ (3) nonlinear process, current methods primarily focus on engineering groupvelocity dispersion of the devices 7,8,10,13,14,20 . For SHG, a χ (2) nonlinear process, intermodal dispersion or birefringence is generally employed to mitigate the frequency mismatch 11,12,[15][16][17][18][19] . These methods rely on manipulating material/waveguide dispersion of devices, which collectively shifts the resonance frequencies of all cavity modes by different extents.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Whispering gallery mode (WGM) dielectric cavities, typically exhibiting high Q values but with much larger footprints, have been utilized to improve second-order nonlinear interactions 13,14 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%