Natural Skin-care Products: The Case of Soap Made from Cocoa Pod Husk Potash

Gyedu‐Akoto, Esther; Yabani, Daniel; Sefa, John; Owusu, Dominic

doi:10.9734/air/2015/17029

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Soaps made with CPH potash have great solubility, consistency, cleansing and lathering ability, compared to soaps made with chemical KOH [28]. Results also showed that the commercialization of soap with CPH potash is highly feasible, and mainly driven by the demand for natural and less harsh toiletry products [17]. As CPH is abundant and readily available in these countries, using natural raw materials could also ease the financial pressure of importing chemicals for developing M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: Soap Making 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CPH could also be a starting material for soap making in western African countries, through a process that includes steps of ashing, leaching, filtration and concentration, saponification, cooling and cutting. After burning CPH in air into an ash containing K 2 O, the ashes were leached with water and correspondingly generated CPH potash (potassium hydroxide, KOH), each tonne of fresh pod husk would generate about 6 kg potash [17]. The potash could be further filtrated, concentrated and used in saponification with oil to produce soaps [27].…”

Section: Soap Making 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potash could be further filtrated, concentrated and used in saponification with oil to produce soaps [27]. CPH derived soaps have been successfully produced in pilot plant scale with detailed market research in Ghana and other African countries [17]. Soaps made with CPH potash have great solubility, consistency, cleansing and lathering ability, compared to soaps made with chemical KOH [28].…”

Section: Soap Making 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…countries. A market report in Ghana showed that 3 tonnes of liquid soap made by CPH potash could bring the profit of 63,000 Ghanaian cedi [17]. The successful usage of CPH as a starting material for commercial soap making would also be an alternative way to generating additional income for farmers.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorisation strategies for cocoa pod husk and its fractions

Lü

Rodríguez-García

Damme

et al. 2018

Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry

115

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Cocoa pod husk (CPH) is the main by-product (ca. 70-75% weight of whole fruit) of the cocoa harvest, an important and economic crop in developing countries. It is a rich source of minerals (particularly potassium), fibre (including lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin) and antioxidants (e.g. phenolic acids). An existing practise is the return of CPH to soil with potential benefits (or disadvantages) for cocoa productivity and soil sustainability that have not been fully characterised. Currently, alternative low-value applications of CPH include its use as animal feed, as a starting material for soap making and activated carbon. Other biotechnological valorisation potentials for CPH and its fractions include the production of bio-fuels and their incorporation in food systems. Physical, chemical or biological pretreatment approaches are needed in order to achieve desirable fractions in a cost-effective and sustainable manner for novel applications in food and non-food sectors.

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Section: Soap Making 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soap Making 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soap Making 32mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Valorisation strategies for cocoa pod husk and its fractions

Lü

Rodríguez-García

Damme

et al. 2018

Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Hal ini sesuai dengan percobaan yang dilakukan oleh Yahaya, dkk., (2012) bahwa kandungan kalium pada kulit coklat yang diperoleh dari ekstraksi adalah 41 % [17]. Hal yang sama juga dilaporkan oleh Esther dkk., (2015) dimana kandungan kalium pada kulit coklat adalah sebesar 40 % [11].…”

Section: Analisis Kadar Kalium Menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrosunclassified

LEACHING KALIUM DARI ABU KULIT COKLAT (Theobroma cacao L.) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT AIR

2017

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Recently much attention has been dedicated to generate of useful chemicals from biomass, such as potassium alkali from cacao husk. This potassium can be used as sources of alkali for soap manufacturing. The cacao husks were treated by leaching using water as a solvent to produce alkali potash. First step, the cacao husks and then were dried at 105 ºC for 24 hours. The dried of cacao husk was crashed using ball mill and resulting husk powder were burned in a furnace at 600 ºC for 6 hours and resulting the husk ash powder. The husk ash powder mass variables used in this leaching process were 5 g, 7.5 g and 10 g and the leaching time variables were 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes. Meanwhile the leaching temperature variables were 45 ºC, 55 ºC and 65 ºC. The best temperature condition in this process was 65 ºC and leaching time 60 minutes, with the result of potash concentration was 1,01 N and the amount of potash as a potassium hydroxide is 39,91% was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscop (AAS).

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