Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from eastern Ethiopia

Chala, Alemayehu; Mohammed, Abdi; Ayalew, Amare; Skinnes, Helge

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.08.023

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In contrast to these, isolation frequency of A. ochraceus was not consistently high or low in any of the sample collection sites (fields, markets and stores) across the survey districts. The current results were consistent with Chala et al (2012), who detected 5-11,900 µg/kg total aflatoxin from same samples suggesting heavy groundnut contamination by Aspergillus spp. and associated aflatoxins in the region.…”

Section: Frequency Of Kernel Contaminationsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, farmers' practices of production and handling of groundnut at pre-and pos-harvest stages may provide favorable conditions for outbreaks of fungi and their mycotoxins. As Chala et al (2012) reported, groundnut from East Ethiopia is heavily contaminated by aflatoxins at levels much more than international standards, and this might be associated with infection of the crop with Apsergillus spp., mainly A. falvus and A. parasiticus that are known producers of aflatoxins. However, up to date information on the prevalence of fungi, and studies on environmental factors and farmers' practices that promote fungal contamination, which could be basis for the reduction of mycotoxins are limited under Ethiopian conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The Eastern lowland areas of Ethiopia have considerable potential for increased oil crop production including groundnut. Particularly areas such as Babile, Darolabu and Gursum are the major producers of groundnuts for local and commercial consumption (Getnet and Nugussie, 1991;Chala et al, 2012). Nevertheless, the area may also be very conducive for toxigenic fungi like Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed¹,

Chala²

2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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The production of groundnut is constrained by several factors, among which is Aspergillus spp. In addition to causing quantitative losses, Aspergillus spp. produce highly toxic and carcinogenic chemical substances known as aflatoxins. This study was conducted with the objectives to (i) identify Aspergillus species associated with groundnuts, (ii) determine the frequency of seed contamination, and (iii) survey agro-ecological conditions related to groundnut contamination by Aspergillus spp. About 270 groundnut samples were collected from farmers' storage, fields and local markets of three districts that is, Babile, Darolabu and Gursum of Eastern Ethiopia for mycological analysis in the year 2010. Results of the mycological analysis suggested heavy infestation of groundnut samples by various molds including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus parasiticus and Pencillium species. At the district level, the incidence of infected groundnut kernels ranged from 50 to 80%. Within the district kernel infection varied between 36.3 and 100%. The common Aspergillus symptoms (yellowing or chlorotic leaves, wilting, drying and brown or black mass covered by yellow or greenish spores) were also observed in groundnut fields. The current results were consistent with our earlier report of heavy aflatoxin contamination of groundnut from the same places, suggesting the urgent need to apply control measures against toxigenic fungi and associated mycotoxins.

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Section: Frequency Of Kernel Contaminationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed¹,

Chala²

2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…Recently, Chala et al (2013) reported values near 12,000 ng g −1 total aflatoxins in stored groundnut seeds in Babile district, which are extremely high compared to the 4 ng g −1 limit set for the European Union (OJEU 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Aspergillusand aflatoxin in groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) and groundnut cake in Eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed

Chala

Dejene

et al. 2016

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B

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This study was conducted to assess major Aspergillus species and aflatoxins associated with groundnut seeds and cake in Eastern Ethiopia and evaluate growers' management practices. A total of 160 groundnut seed samples from farmers' stores and 50 groundnut cake samples from cafe and restaurants were collected. Fungal isolation was done from groundnut seed samples. Aspergillus flavus was the dominant species followed by Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxin analyses of groundnut seed samples were performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography; 22.5% and 41.3% of samples were positive, with total aflatoxin concentrations of 786 and 3135 ng g , while as high as 158 ng g −1 aflatoxin B 1 was recorded. The study confirms high contamination of groundnut products in East Ethiopia. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Aflatoxins, notably Aspergillus flavus, are naturally abundant and often found when certain grain legumes are grown under stressful conditions such as drought [99]. Aflatoxin levels are high in groundnut (up to 11,865 µ g/kg) [100]. This has become a concern for the production and export of groundnuts in semi-and arid tropics [101].…”

Section: Agronomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Expounding the Value of Grain Legumes in the Semi- and Arid Tropics

2017

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Approximately 70% of the population in the semi-and arid tropics reside in rural areas and depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Crop production is primarily focused on a few starchy staple crops. While this can ensure adequate calories, it inadvertently neglects the need for dietary diversity. Consequently, food and nutritional insecurity remains prevalent in the semi-and arid tropics. We reviewed the legume value chain with the aim to identify opportunities and challenges to unlocking their value and promoting them in the tropics. Several grain legumes are rich in proteins and micronutrients. They also possess adaptability to marginal environmental conditions such as drought and low input systems which typify rural landscapes. Adaptability to abiotic stresses such as drought makes them key to agriculture in areas that will receive less rainfall in the future. However, this potential was currently not being realized due to a range of challenges. Aspects related to their seed systems, production, post-harvest handling and marketing remain relatively under-researched. This was especially true for minor legumes. There is a need for transdisciplinary research which will address the entire value chain, as has been done for major starchy crops. This could also unlock significant economic opportunities for marginalized groups such as women. This will unlock their value and allow them to contribute meaningfully to food and nutrition security as well as sustainable and resilient cropping systems.

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Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from eastern Ethiopia

Cited by 42 publications

References 11 publications

Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Aspergillusand aflatoxin in groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) and groundnut cake in Eastern Ethiopia

Expounding the Value of Grain Legumes in the Semi- and Arid Tropics

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